Unit 1 Exp Design PL

Question 1

Testable Question

Answer 1

Ones that can be answered through experiments and observation of the world.

Question 2

Non-testable Question

Answer 2

Ones that cannot be answered through experiments and require an opinion. It could be answered differently by different people.

Question 3

Quantitative

Answer 3

Relating to or expressible in terms of quantity. (numbers)

Question 4

Qualitative

Answer 4

Relating to the nature or standard of something. (letters)

Question 5

Trials

Answer 5

The act of testing by experience; proof; test. Repeated trials of the issues and events of actions.

Question 6

Observation

Answer 6

Observation in the natural sciences is an act or instance of noticing or perceiving and the acquisition of information from a primary source.

Question 7

Empirical Evidence

Answer 7

Empirical evidence is the information obtained through observation and documentation of certain behavior and patterns or through an experiment.

Question 8

Data

Answer 8

Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.

Question 9

Model in Science

Answer 9

A scientific model is a physical and/or mathematical and/or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes.

Question 10

Analogy

Answer 10

A comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

Question 11

Prototype

Answer 11

A first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine, from which other forms are developed or copied.

Question 12

Variable

Answer 12

Variables are anything that can change or be changed within an experiment.

Question 13

Hypothesis

Answer 13

A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Question 14

Procedure

Answer 14

The procedure is a detailed, step-by-step list of everything you will do in your experiment, including the materials and methods you will use.

Question 15

Precision

Answer 15

Precision refers to how close measurements of the same item are to each other.

Question 16

Accuracy

Answer 16

Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value.

Question 17

Control

Answer 17

When conducting an experiment, a control is an element that remains unchanged or unaffected by other variables.

Question 18

Scientific Method

Answer 18

The scientific method is the process of objectively establishing facts through testing and experimentation.

Question 19

Constant

Answer 19

The factors that do not change during the experiment.

Question 20

Predict

Answer 20

In science, a possible outcome of a scientific test based on logically reasoning about a particular scientific idea.

Question 21

Infer

Answer 21

Inference may be defined as the process of drawing conclusions based on evidence and reasoning.

Question 22

Independent Variable

Answer 22

It is a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.

Question 23

Manipulated Variable

Answer 23

A factor that is purposefully and specifically changed by the experimenter.

Question 24

Dependent Variable

Answer 24

A dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment.

Question 25

Sample Size

Answer 25

Sample size refers to the number of participants or observations included in a study.

Question 26

Responding Variable

Answer 26

The definition of a responding variable is the factor that is measured by the scientist as a result of the effects of the manipulated variable.

Question 27

Validity

Answer 27

Validity refers to how accurately a method measures what it is intended to measure.

Question 28

Trends in Data

Answer 28

A trend is a pattern found in time series datasets; it is used to describe if the data is showing an upward or downward movement for part or all of the time series.

Question 28

Correlation

Answer 28

Correlation describes the relationship between variables.

Question 29

Variability

Answer 29

Variability describes how far apart data points lie from each other and from the center of a distribution.

Question 30

Mass

Answer 30

Mass is the amount of matter or substance that makes up an object.

Question 31

Volume

Answer 31

Volume refers to the amount of space the object takes up.

Question 32

Weight

Answer 32

The force exerted on a body by gravity.

Question 33

Percent

Answer 33

A relative value indicating hundredth parts of any quantity.

Question 34

Rate

Answer 34

A quantity, amount, or degree of something measured per unit of something else.

Question 34

Ratio

Answer 34

A ratio can be defined as the relationship or comparison between two numbers of the same unit to check how bigger is one number than the other one.

Question 35

Line Graph

Answer 35

A graph that uses lines to connect individual data points.

Question 36

Bar Graph

Answer 36

A type of graph in which each column (plotted either vertically or horizontally) represents a categorical variable.

Question 37

Pie Graph

Answer 37

A pie chart, sometimes called a circle chart, is a way of summarizing a set of nominal data or displaying the different values of a given variable.

Question 38

Scatterplot

Answer 38

A scatter plot (aka scatter chart, scatter graph) uses dots to represent values for two different numeric variables.

Question 39

Claim

Answer 39

A scientific claim is a generalization based on a reported statistically significant effect.

Question 40

Evidence

Answer 40

Evidence that serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis.

Question 40

Theory

Answer 40

A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses and facts.

Question 41

Reason

Answer 41

The ability to recognize and understand the scientific method, concepts, processes, and applications used in the pursuit of knowledge.

Question 42

Bias

Answer 42

Any systematic deviation between the results of a study and the “truth.”