Unit 1 + Definitions

Question 1

What is a transition?

Answer 1

A change or passing from one condition to another. Can be good/bad, planned/unexpected, anticipated/unanticipated.

Question 2

What is a personal transition?

Answer 2

Changes that happen for you and effect you.

Question 3

What is a family transition?

Answer 3

Changes in family structure, or family dynamics.

Question 4

What is a career transition?

Answer 4

Changes that relate or lead into your job.

Question 5

What is a community transition?

Answer 5

Anything where you are moving from one position/role in a community.
Ex: part of team > coach

Question 6

What is a role?

Answer 6

A set of expectations of how a person should behave or act in certain situations.
Ex: students > respect teachers

Question 7

What is a position role?

Answer 7

Defines your place within a family or society.

Question 8

What is a behaviour role?

Answer 8

How specifically will you act within your position.
Ex: daughter > help parents

Question 9

How are roles and expectations formed?

Answer 9

• observation
• explanation
• feedback

Question 10

What is self concept?

Answer 10

Self concept is made up of three main components: self image, self esteem, and ideal self.

It’s how we see and evaluate ourselves. It’s a general term that is used to refer to how one thinks about or perceives themselves.

Question 11

What is self image?

Answer 11

How we see ourselves. Mental idea of who we think we are.

Question 12

What is self esteem?

Answer 12

How we think of ourselves. Extent to which you value yourself. Extent to which we like, accept, approve, and how much we value and love ourselves.

Question 13

What is ideal self?

Answer 13

The person we would like to be.

Question 14

What did Kuhn find people’s responses to be for the Twenty Statements Test?

Answer 14

Social roles: external or objective aspects of oneself such as a son, teacher, friend.

Personality traits: internal or affective aspects of oneself such as impatient, humorous, outgoing.

Answers also included physical descriptions and existential statements.

Question 15

What does a high self esteem lead to?

Answer 15

> Confidence in our own abilities

> self acceptance

> not worried about what others think

> optimistic

Question 16

What does low self esteem lead to?

Answer 16

> lack of confidence

> want to look or be like someone else

> worried about what others think

> pessimistic

Question 17

What are the four main factors that influence our self esteem?

Answer 17

1. How others react: if people admire, flatter, seek us out
2. Compare ourselves to others: if we compare ourselves to “better” people, self esteem is affected negatively
3. Social roles: some special roles carry prestige
4. Identification: roles become part of our personality. Identify with them.

Question 18

What is congruence?

Answer 18

When a person’s ideal self and actual self are very similar.

Question 19

What is incongruence?

Answer 19

When a person’s ideal self and actual self are very different.

Question 20

What happens when we think highly of ourselves?

Answer 20

> act with confidence

> motivated

> try different things/believe

> succeed

> positive feedback

> increased self esteem = better self image

Repeat

Question 21

What happens when we think less highly of ourselves?

Answer 21

> lack of confidence

> less or unmotivated

> don’t try things

> failure

> negative feedback

> reinforces our self doubt

Repeat

Question 22

What are the 5 suggestions Niko gave for building self esteem?

Answer 22

1. Spend time with people who make you feel good
2. Build up positive thoughts and delete negative thoughts about ourselves
3. Tell people what you like about them
4. Say thank you when you receive compliments
5. Be Julie for someone. Make an effort to let them know they’re a great person.

Question 23

What are the 5 steps to develop self confidence?

Answer 23

1. Find yourself
2. Don’t care what other people think of you
3. Surround yourself with encouragement
4. Self-assess your attitude
5. Be humble

Question 24

What are personal standards?

Answer 24

A set of expectations one has for themselves and their behaviour. They are thoughts, activities, and behaviours that you find helpful and acceptable.

Question 25

Why are personal standards important?

Answer 25

• better relationships
• achieve goals
• identity habits that need changing

Question 26

What happens if you don’t have personal standards?

Answer 26

• poor relationships
• decreased communication abilities
• less fulfilment in life

Question 27

10 benefits of personal standards

Answer 27

1. Raise your self esteem and be respected by others
2. Boost in personal health
3. More likely to achieve your goals = increased belief in your abilities
4. Simplifies decision making
5. Ability to evaluate behaviours as helpful or unhelpful
6. Understand your identity and that of others
7. Ability to control yourself
8. Clear vision of long term and what you want to accomplish
9. More likely to keep yourself and others accountable
10. Increased career and entrepreneurial skills

Question 28

Difference between a personal standard and a rule

Answer 28

Rules = expectations that are decided upon and imposed upon by someone else.

Personal Standards = comes from within, decided, maintained, and carried out by ourselves. They are influenced by your family, upbringing, school, and religion.