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Global Politics HL > Unit #1 Core Concepts > Flashcards

Unit #1 Core Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Autocracy

A

A system of government where one person holds absolute power

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2
Q

Democracy

A

A system of government where the people hold power

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3
Q

Anocracy

A

A mixed or unstable form of government combining elements of both democracy and autocracy

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4
Q

Globalization

A

The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence between countries economically, culturally, politically, and socially.

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5
Q

Urbanization

A

The increasing movement of people from rural areas to cities

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6
Q

IGOs (Intergovernmental Organizations)

A

Organizations composed of member states that cooperate on political

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7
Q

NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations)

A

Private organizations that operate independently from the government to address social

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8
Q

Regionalization of World Politics

A

The process through which regions become more politically or economically integrated

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9
Q

Ethnolinguistic Groups

A

Groups of people who share a common ethnic origin and language

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10
Q

Informal IGO

A

An intergovernmental organization that operates without formal treaties or agreements between member states.

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11
Q

Formal IGO

A

A legally established intergovernmental organization created by treaties or agreements

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12
Q

Civil Society

A

The network of non-governmental organizations

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13
Q

Polarization

A

The process of increasing division in society

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14
Q

Right Wing

A

A political ideology typically associated with conservatism

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15
Q

Left Wing

A

A political ideology associated with progressivism

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16
Q

Unilateral Approach

A

A strategy where one state or actor acts independently

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17
Q

Bilateral Approach

A

A diplomatic or policy approach involving two parties or states working together on an issue.

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18
Q

Multilateral Approach

A

A strategy where multiple countries or actors collaborate on an issue

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19
Q

Agency Theory

A

theory of how representatives like governments or international organizations (agents) act on behalf of citizens or states (principals). It highlights challenges such as ensuring agents prioritize the principals’ interests rather than their own, often requiring mechanisms like accountability and transparency to align goals.

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20
Q

Top Leader

A

A leader at the highest level of government or an organization

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21
Q

Middle Leader

A

A leader who manages and coordinates policies or initiatives between top leaders and grassroots levels.

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22
Q

Grassroots Leaders

A

Leaders who emerge from the community level and are directly involved in local issues and social movements.

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23
Q

Pondering

A

The act of deeply considering or reflecting on political decisions

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24
Q

Lobbying

A

The process of influencing or persuading government officials to adopt certain policies or actions in favor of specific interests.

25
Q

Polarization

A

The division of society into two opposing groups with extreme viewpoints

26
Q

Dogmatism

A

The tendency to hold beliefs rigidly without considering other perspectives

27
Q

Unipolar Power

A

A global system in which one state or actor holds dominant power over all others

28
Q

Bipolar Power

A

A global system where two major powers dominate the political landscape

29
Q

Multipolar Power

A

A system in which multiple states or actors hold significant power

30
Q

Structural Power

A

The ability of a state or actor to shape the global or regional system by influencing the rules

31
Q

Relational Power

A

The ability of a state or actor to influence others through its relationships

32
Q

Cultural Power

A

The ability to shape norms

33
Q

Dependency Theory

A

A theory suggesting that poorer countries are dependent on wealthier countries due to historical exploitation and unequal economic relationships.

34
Q

Traditional Sovereignty

A

The principle that a state has ultimate authority within its own borders and is free from outside interference.

35
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

The idea that the people are the ultimate source of political authority

36
Q

Pooled Sovereignty

A

When states share or pool their sovereignty in certain areas

37
Q

Responsible Sovereignty

A

The idea that sovereignty comes with the responsibility to protect citizens’ rights and promote global cooperation.

38
Q

Indigenous Sovereignty

A

The right of indigenous peoples to govern themselves

39
Q

Internal Sovereignty

A

The authority of a state to govern its own territory and people without interference from external actors.

40
Q

External Sovereignty

A

The recognition by other states or actors of a state’s independence and right to participate in international relations.

41
Q

Normative Legitimacy

A

The idea that a government’s authority is considered legitimate because it aligns with certain moral or ethical norms.

42
Q

Procedural Legitimacy

A

Legitimacy based on the fairness and transparency of the decision-making process

43
Q

Role-Based Legitimacy

A

Legitimacy derived from the established roles and responsibilities of leaders or institutions

44
Q

Weber’s Rational-Legal Legitimacy

A

Legitimacy based on established laws

45
Q

Weber’s Traditional Legitimacy

A

Legitimacy derived from long-standing traditions

46
Q

Weber’s Charismatic Legitimacy

A

Legitimacy based on the personal qualities

47
Q

Jackson and Gaus Venn Diagram

A

A framework used to analyze different forms of sovereignty and the relationships between states

48
Q

Global Governance

A

The system of international cooperation and regulation that addresses global challenges

49
Q

Post-Colonialism

A

A theoretical perspective that critiques the lasting impacts of colonialism on global power dynamics

50
Q

Intersectional Feminism

A

A feminist approach that considers multiple aspects of identity

51
Q

Radical Feminism

A

A feminist theory that advocates for fundamental changes to the social

52
Q

Neo-Marxism

A

exploitation of developing countries by wealthy nations and multinational corporations, suggesting that global power dynamics maintain economic and social inequalities.(including ideology and beliefs)

53
Q

Environmentalism

A

A movement focused on protecting the environment

54
Q

Social Constructivism

A

international relations are shaped by social interactions, shared beliefs, and norms rather than just material forces. It argues that the way states and actors perceive the world and their roles in it influences their behavior and the structure of global politics.

55
Q

Liberalism

A

A political theory that advocates for individual freedoms

56
Q

Defensive Realism

A

A theory in international relations that suggests states seek security and avoid conflict

57
Q

Offensive Realism

A

A theory that argues states seek to maximize their power and influence

58
Q

Interdependence

A

The idea that states and societies are interconnected and rely on each other for economic

Global Politics HL (4 decks)

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