Unit 1 Condensed

Question 1

Attempts to understand why animals and humans have developed the particular psychological aspects that they currently possess. Focused on the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings.

Answer 1

Functionalism

Question 2

The interaction between biology and emotions, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Answer 2

Biological Approach

Question 3

Focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment.

Answer 3

Behaviorism

Question 4

Focuses on the role of our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories, and our early childhood experiences in determining behavior.

Answer 4

Psychodynamic Approach

Question 5

The study of mental processes, including perception, thinking, memory, and judgments

Answer 5

Cognitive Approach

Question 6

Collects information from other cells and sends the information to the soma

Answer 6

Dendrites

Question 7

Contains the nucleus of the cell and keeps the cell alive.

Answer 7

Cell Body (soma)

Question 8

Transmits information away from the cell body toward other neurons or to the muscles and glands.

Answer 8

Axon

Question 9

Change in electrical charge that occurs in a neuron when a nerve impulse is transmitted

Answer 9

Action Potential

Question 10

The gap between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.

Answer 10

Synapse

Question 11

Neurotransmitter that affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal

Answer 11

Serotonin

Question 12

Neurotransmitter that influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion

Answer 12

Dopamine

Question 13

Neurotransmitter that enables muscle action, learning, and memory

Answer 13

Acetylcholine

Question 14

Oldest part of the brain, it is the first part of the brain to develop; controls autonomic functions

Answer 14

Brainstem

Question 15

The bottom of the brainstem. It controls the most basic functions such as heartbeat and breathing.

Answer 15

Medulla

Question 16

Helps coordinate voluntary movements such as playing a sport, balance, and posture.

Answer 16

Cerebellum (“little brain”)

Question 17

Helps with the emotions of fear and anger.

Answer 17

Amygdala

Question 18

Directs several maintenance activities like eating, drinking, body temperature, and sexual behavior. It helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.

Answer 18

Hypothalamus

Question 19

Located from the middle to the back of the skull, and responsible primarily for processing information about touch and taste.

Answer 19

Parietal Lobes

Question 20

Primarily responsible for thinking, planning, memory, and judgment.

Answer 20

Frontal Lobes

Question 21

Located at the sides of the brain and responsible for hearing, language, and memory. It includes the auditory cortex.

Answer 21

Temporal Lobes

Question 22

Receives information from the skin’s sensory receptors (pain, warmth, cold, touch) and the senses that pertain to body position and movement.

Answer 22

Somatosensory Cortex

Question 23

The part of the cortex that controls and executes movements of the body by sending signals to the cerebellum and the spinal cord.

Answer 23

Motor cortex

Question 24

In the left frontal lobe controls facial movements and the production of language.

Answer 24

Broca’s Area

Question 25

In the left temporal lobe and is responsible for understanding speech.

Answer 25

Wernicke’s Area

Question 26

Made up of the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body.

Answer 26

Peripheral nervous system

Question 27

Controls self-regulated actions of internal organs and glands

Answer 27

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 28

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Answer 28

Somatic Nervous System

Question 29

Involved with arousal and fight or flight symptoms

Answer 29

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 30

Involved with calming sensations; when your body is in a resting state

Answer 30

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 31

Carries information from the sensory receptors

Answer 31

Afferent (sensory) Nerves

Question 32

Transmits information to the muscles and glands, perform duties that Afferent nerves tell them

Answer 32

Efferent (motor) Nerves

Question 33

“Slow” chemical communication system. Hormones made by glands carry out communication

Answer 33

Endocrine System

Question 34

Chemical messengers running through our bloodstream

Answer 34

Hormones

Question 35

During stage 1 of sleep…

Answer 35

theta and alpha waves appear. You may experience hypnagogic images or hallucinations.

Question 36

In Stage 2 of sleep…

Answer 36

sleep spindles—bursts of rapid brain wave activity—appear. Sleep talking may occur.

Question 37

During stage 4…

Answer 37

the largest and slowest delta waves roll in. A person in these stages is difficult to awaken. Children often wet the bed or sleepwalk during this stage.

Question 38

the remembered storyline of a dream

Answer 38

Manifest content of dreams

Question 39

the underlying meaning of a dream

Answer 39

Latent content of dreams