Unit 1 Concepts 3

Question 1

List the monomers and polymers of carbs

Answer 1

Monosaccharides and polysaccharides

Question 2

List the monomers and polymers of lipids

Answer 2

Fatty-acid, triglycerides

Question 3

List the monomers and polymers of proteins

Answer 3

Amino acids, polypeptides

Question 4

List the monomers and polymers of nucleic acids

Answer 4

Nucleotides, nucleic acid

Question 5

Explain the process of polymerization through dehydration?

Answer 5

Dehydration reaction builds a polymer by linking monomers and it does this by removing a water molecule
Hydrolysis breaks big polymers into smaller monomers and it does this by adding water, which breaks the bonds

Question 6

Explain the major functions of the macromolecule: Carbs

Answer 6

Energy storage short term

Question 7

Explain the major functions of the macromolecule: Lipids

Answer 7

Energy storage long term

Question 8

Explain the major functions of the macromolecule: Proteins

Answer 8

No main function, just that they run your body

Question 9

Explain the major functions of the macromolecule: Nucleic acids

Answer 9

Informational molecules that store, transmit, and express our genetic information

Question 10

Provide an example of a carb

Answer 10

Grain

Question 11

Provide an example of a lipid

Answer 11

Fats

Question 12

Provide an example of a protein

Answer 12

Meat

Question 13

Provide an example of a nucleic acid

Answer 13

DNA and RNA

Question 14

Compare the relative energy storage of the macromolecules

Answer 14

Carbs 4cal/gram
Lipids 9cal/gram
Proteins 4cal/gram
Nucleic acids 0cal/gram

Question 15

List the order in which the body will consume carbs, lipids, and proteins for energy

Answer 15

1 Carbs
2 lipids
3 proteins

Question 16

Why do we consume carbs first?

Answer 16

Because your body can access and break it down easily, thus it is typically the first thing your body will break down to get energy when you need it.

Question 17

Why do we consume lipids second for energy?

Answer 17

Because when your body runs out of easy-to-access carbs, it will break down lipids next for energy

Question 18

Why do we consume proteins last for energy?

Answer 18

Because proteins do so much for the body that they are usually the last resort if energy is needed.

Question 19

Picture of macromolecule- why does the structure give the membrane a unique property

Answer 19

Makes the membrane selectively permeable

Question 20

Explain what makes proteins the most diverse macromolecule?

Answer 20

Then run your body and are foldable

Question 21

What macromolecule is not obtained from our food and where do we get it from?

Answer 21

Nucleic acid, and you get it from your DNA and RNA

Question 22

Macromolecules are?

Answer 22

Large organic molecules that make up all living things

Question 23

Monomers are?

Answer 23

Small, basic sub units

Question 24

What are polymers?

Answer 24

Larger more complex structures made of monomers

Question 25

What is a monosaccharide?

Answer 25

Single sugar molecule

Question 26

What is a polysaccharide?

Answer 26

Larger sugar molecule