Unit 1 Concepts 2

Question 1

List the 6 elements necessary for life?

Answer 1

Carbon C
Oxygen O
Nitrogen N
Hydrogen H
Sulfur S
Phosphorus P

Question 2

Give examples of three molecules that contain those elements.

Answer 2

H20 water
H2S hydrogen sulfide sewer gas
N2O nitric oxide air pollution

Question 3

What are the 8 levels of organization that make up an organism?

Answer 3

Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism

Question 4

Describe the three components that make up the structure of the atom

Answer 4

Proton
Electron
Neutron

Question 5

What is the protons charge and location in the atom?

Answer 5

The proton is the positive charge and it is located in the nucleus

Question 6

What is the electrons charge and location in the atom?

Answer 6

It is the negative charge and it is located in the electron cloud

Question 7

What is the Neutrons charge and location in the atom?

Answer 7

It is the neutral part of the atom and it is located in the nucleus

Question 8

Explain why elements tend to form bonds in compounds and provide two examples of how they can do that.

Answer 8

Covalent bonds occur when non metallic atoms share electrons

Ionic bonds occur when electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal

Question 9

What is the difference between periods and groups?

Answer 9

Period is the horizontal and tells us how many valence electrons an atom has
A group is vertical and tells us how many energy levels an atom has

Question 10

What is the difference between polar and non polar molecules

Answer 10

Polar molecules have unequal distribution of charges

Non polar molecules have no separation of charge

Question 11

Describe the bonds that form within a water molecule and between different water molecules.

Answer 11

Adhesion forms stronger bonds than cohesion

Question 12

Explain the properties of water that make it such a unique molecule

Answer 12

Cohesion
Adhesion
High specific heat
Less dense as a solid
Terrific solvent

Question 13

Given an atom chart how will you determine its atomic number, # of protons, neutrons and electrons and it’s mass number

Answer 13

Atomic # is on top (electrons)
Next is the element symbol
Element name
Then the atomic mass which is the protons and neutrons

Question 14

What is matter

Answer 14

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 15

What is an atom?

Answer 15

Smallest part of an element

Question 16

What is a cell?

Answer 16

Most basic unit of life

Question 17

What are Isotopes

Answer 17

2 or more forms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 18

What are valence electrons?

Answer 18

Electrons in the outermost energy level

Question 19

What is a compound?

Answer 19

2 or more atoms of different elements bonded together

Question 20

What is a molecule?

Answer 20

2 or more atoms covalently bonded together

Question 21

What is a cation?

Answer 21

It forms when an atom loses an electron and it becomes more positively charged

Question 22

What is an anion

Answer 22

It forms when an atom gains an electron, it becomes more negatively charged

Question 23

What is surface tension?

Answer 23

The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together

Question 24

What is a solution?

Answer 24

Uniform mixture of two or more substances

Question 25

What is a solute?

Answer 25

It is what gets dissolved

Question 26

What is a solvent?

Answer 26

It is what does the dissolving

Question 27

What is hydrophilic?

Answer 27

A substance that has an affinity for water, Water loving

Question 28

What is hydrophobic?

Answer 28

A substance that does not have an affinity for water, water fearing