Unit 1: Chapter 2: Microscopy

Question 1

the measurement of how much a substance slows light velocity

Answer 1

Refractive index

Question 2

the point where light rays focus

Answer 2

Focal point

Question 3

the distance between focal point and lens center

Answer 3

Focal Length

Question 4

Dark image agaisnt brighter background
used for both stained and unstained

Answer 4

Bright Field

Question 5

Bright image against dark background
Used for living and unstained

Answer 5

Dark-field

Question 6

Dark image aginst light background Used for bacterial strucutres and microbial movement

Answer 6

Phase-Contrast

Question 7

Flurochromeplabeled probes tag specific cell components

Answer 7

Fluorescence

Question 8

Highly detailed and precise

Answer 8

Confocal

Question 9

2 sets of lenses

Answer 9

Compound Micrsocope

Question 10

Ocular magnification * objective magnification =

Answer 10

total magnificatoin

Question 11

Ability of a lens to distinguish between closesly spaced objects

Answer 11

resolution

Question 12

distance between the lenst front surface + the speciment in sharp focus

Answer 12

Working distance

Question 13

preserving internal and external structures by inactivating enzxymes and strengtheinign cell morpholgy

Answer 13

fizxation

Question 14

single stain which determines size, shape and arrangmenet

Answer 14

SImple stain

Question 15

divides into grtoup bases on staining propoerties

Answer 15

differential staing

Question 16

Primary Stain: CV
Mordant: Iodine
Decolorize: Alchohol
Counter Stain: Safranin

Answer 16

Gram Staining

Question 17

Primary Stain: Carbolfucshin
Mordant: Heat
Decolorizer: Acid Alcohol
Counter Stain: Methylene blue

Answer 17

Acid-Fast Stain

Question 18

Positive Acid Fast

Answer 18

Pink

Question 19

Negative Acid Fast

Answer 19

Blue

Question 20

Gram Positive

Answer 20

purple

Question 21

Gram negative

Answer 21

pink

Question 22

False G Positive can occur from

Answer 22

Dilute alchol
Short destaining
Thick film

Question 23

False G negative can occur by

Answer 23

long destain
thin film
old culture

Question 24

Heated tungsten filamen in electron gun generates focused beam on specimen

Answer 24

TEM

Question 25

Specimen must be cut very thin and chemically fixed and stained

Answer 25

TEM speciment prep

Question 26

Realistic 3D image of specimen's surface features

Answer 26

SEM

Question 27

Proteins and high resolution structures

Answer 27

Cryo EM

Question 28

Rapidly freeze samples, them capture multiple TEM images at different angles to make 3D image

Answer 28

Cryo-Electon Microscopy