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AP Government > Unit 1 - Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Constitution:

A

nation’s basic law (assigns powers of gov, provides rights to citizens)

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2
Q

natural rights

A

-coined by John Locke, rights inherent to human being, not given by Govs

  • right to life, liberty and property
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3
Q

consent of the governed

A

coined by John Locke, belief gov can only function if people agree who their rulers are

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4
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

first US federal government, very weak, states had more power than them and couldn’t tax anyone or regulate commerce

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4
Q

limited government

A

coined by John Locke, must be clear restrictions on what a government can do

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5
Q

In the States, more ___ were getting representation in office post-Rev

A

middle class people (farmers and artisans), more democratic attitudes around nation

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6
Q

Shay’s rebellion

A

farmer’s rebellion, against state laws sympathetic to debtors, allowed them to pay w/worthless paper money to creditors

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7
Q

The claimed purpose of the Continental Congress that made the Constitution was ___.

A

purely to revise the Articles of Confederation

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8
Q

representative democracy

A

democracy where representatives are elected by the public

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9
Q

direct democracy

A

policies decided by direct votes of people

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10
Q

participatory democracy

A

people directly decide what policies to implement, politicians just carry it out

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11
Q

pluralist democracy

A

no group dominates politics, organized groups compete to influence policies

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12
Q

elite democracy

A

democracy where small number of people (usually rich and well educated) influence policy making

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13
Q

Mayflower compact (and influence on US constitution)

A

decides power divisions/ground rules for pilgrims

people must agree with gov system (US)

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14
Q

Magna Carta (and influence on US constitution)

A

king’s power isn’t absolute

checks and balances (US)

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15
Q

Full faith + Credit clause of Constitution

A

states have to respect policies/laws of other states

16
Q

Supremacy Clause of Constitution

A

federal laws/constitution are over state laws, establishes hierarchy of law

17
Q

Elastic Clause of Constitution

A

Congress can make any other laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its given powers

18
Q

Decision Making Theories of Politics (6 things)

A

majoritarian (majority wins), elite (small group wins), bureaucratic (step-by-step decision), interest group (parties make choices), pluralist (compromise), hyper pluralist (so many groups, nothing gets done, cause GRIDLOCK)

19
Q

Three core values of founders/US government:

A

freedom (no gov. control of people’s behavior), order (policy controls people’s behavior), equality (opportunity for all)

All are BALANCED against each other

20
Q

Linkage Institutions

A

what connects people to government (parties, elections, media)

21
Q

Policymaking Institutions

A

Legislative writes, judicial makes policy, executive approves/enforces

22
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

each state gets equal representation in congress

23
Q

Virginia Plan

A

state representation is determined by population

24
Q

3/5ths Compromise

A

slaves counted as 3/5 of a person when totaling population for representation

25
Q

Connecticut Compromise

A

create two house in Congress: Senate (equal rep.), and House of Representatives (by population)

26
Q

writ of habeas corpus

A

somebody arrested are allowed to know why they’ve been arrested (unless during invasion/rebellion)

27
Q

separation of powers

A

each gov branch has powers relatively independent of one another, no single branch can control another

28
Q

checks and balances

A

require consent of branch for some powers of another, limits power

29
Q

republic

A

a system based on the consent of the governed in which representatives of the public exercise power

30
Q

Federalist

A

group that supported Constitution, strong central government

31
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

group that opposed constitution, weaker central government

32
Q

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

A

wasn’t ratified, says rights shouldn’t be denied to people based on sex

33
Q

Marbury v. Madison

A

Supreme Court decides it resolves differences in opinion, judicial review (courts decides of policies of state/fed gov are constitutional)

AP Government (19 decks)

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