Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 11 > Unit 1; cell organelles and microscopes > Flashcards

Unit 1; cell organelles and microscopes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

characteristics of living things

A 
made up of cells 
reproduce-copy of hereditary info; genes
use DNA as universal genetic code 
grow and develop
obtain and use materials 
respond to environment
homeostasis means
evolve over time; population
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

biosphere then…

A

bioms, ecosystem, community, population, and finally organism or individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

magnification of drawing

A

drawing size divided by actual size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

low, med, high magnification

A

low= 4x medium= 10x high=40x the eye piece magnifies 10x so when its on low, 4x 10= 40x magnification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

field diameter =

A

actual size x number across field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the number across the field

A

how many times the drawing can fit across the view; or field diameter. to find you’d put the image in the microscope to the edge of the view and estimate how many times it will go across.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cell theory

A

all living things contain cells
cells are the basic unit of structure in all organisms
new cells are created from old cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

prokaryotes

A

smaller simpler cells such as bacteria that have no nucleus. the genetic material is just in the cell. these cells evolved before the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

eukaryotes

A

more complex and larger cells with specialized functions; organelles. they contain a nucleus which contains the genetic information.there is greater variety of eukaryotes like single cellular or multicellular organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

organelle

A

specialized structures living in a cell that preform the different functions necessary to the cells survival needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cytoplasm

A

material outside of the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

nuclear envolope

A

nuclear membrane. double lipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

chromatin

A

material that chromosomes are made out of; protein RNA DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chromosome

A

threadlike structure made of nucleic acid and protein. carries the genetic info in the form of genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nucleolus

A

small dense sphere in the nucleus of a cell that makes ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ribosomes

A

small particles of RNA and protein. which produce protein by following coded instruction from the nucleus. like a small little protein factory. located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum and also in the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

ER. it is an internal membrane system where the lipid components of the cell are assembled and proteins.
two types of ER, rough er and smooth er.
rough er; synthesis of proteins because ribosomes are on the surface, assembly of proteins
smooth er; no ribosomes on surface. contains a collection of enzymes that preform specialized tasks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

golgi apparatus

A

proteins from rough er move in to it and it modifies, sorts and packages the portions for stories and secretion out side of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

lysosomes

A

filled with enzymes that digest, or break down lipids carbohydrates and proteins in the cell that are not needed. it cleans up the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

vacuoles

A

storage; water, salts, proteins, carbohydrates. there are bigger vacuoles in plant cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

mitochondria

A

converts chemical energy stored in food into usable energy, literally the powerhouse of the cell… but it contains its own DNA

22
Q

chloroplasts

A

found in PLANTS. they capture the suns energy and convert it into chemical energy through a process of photosynthesis. contains its own DNA

23
Q

cytoskeleton

A

supporting structure of the cell. involved in cell movement and transportation. composed of two protein filaments; microfilaments and microtubules

24
Q

microfilaments

A

threadlike structure made of the protein actin and are a rough flexible structure. they help the cell move; assembly and disassembly help in movement.

25
Q

microtubules

A

hollow structures made of the protein tubular. they maintain the cells shape. and they help with cell division by forming mitotic spindle which helps to separate chromosomes.

26
Q

organelles rarely found in plant cells

A

lysosomes are found in animal cells however they are rarely found in plant cells. they contain hydrolytic enzymes however those are found in vacuoles of plant cells.

27
Q

antibody
chemotherapy
extracellular

A

against body
chemical therapy
beyond cell, outside of cell

28
Q

photosynthesis
spermatogenesis
taxonomy

A

making with light
seed production,process of making sperm
arrangement law, rules for classifying

29
Q

zoology
interphase
exoskeleton

A

the study of animals
between phases or time
skeleton on the outside of the body

30
Q

endocytosis
osteopathology
cardiograph

A

within the cell workings
the study of bone abnormalities and diseases
heart write, written record of your heart rate

31
Q

botany

A

the study of plants

32
Q

paleontologists

A

the study of ancient fossils and remains

33
Q

light microscopes

A

focus light rays

34
Q

electron microscopes

A

focus beams of electrons, there are two main types TEMS AND SEMS

35
Q

SEM

A

type of electron microscope that scans a narrow beam of electrons back and forth across the surface, they show 3D images of the surface

36
Q

TEM

A

type of electron microscope that shines a beam of electrons through the specimen and the image shows a detailed view of whats inside the cell.

37
Q

9 cm is how many micro meters

A

90000 micro meters, you go to the right with the decimal

38
Q

56 micro meters is how many cm

A

.0056 cm you go to the left because micro meters are smaller than cm and it wouldn’t make sense to go to the right.

39
Q

actual size=

A

field diameter divided by number across field

40
Q

drawing size =

A

magnification multiplied by actual size

41
Q

iris diaphragm

A

it is the little thing that controls the amount of light going on to the specimen you are observing it is like your iris

42
Q

two things you must do when you want to find an object under high power

A

first put it onto low power, focus and centre it then move to medium centre and focus then proceed to high power

43
Q

similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

they both have a cell membrane and contain DNA

44
Q

difference between plant and animal cells

A

plant cells have a cell wall and contain chloroplasts, they also have larger vacuoles, while animal cells contain centrioles.

45
Q

special info about vacuoles

A

larger in plant cells and small in animal cells it contains a membrane made of PHOSPHOLIPIDS

46
Q

plastid

A

plant organelles that may store starch or pigments; manufacture and store important chemicals

47
Q

cilium

A

short threadlike structure that helps unicellular organisms move( swim rapidly thru liquid) microtubules help make them

48
Q

centrioles

A

NOT IN PLANTS. they are located near the nucleus and help with cell division

49
Q

microtubules (extra)

A

help in formation of centrioles and cell division

50
Q

complex network of channels

A

endoplasmic reticulum

Biology 11 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions