Unit 1: Blood Glucose Levels In The Body Flashcards
What does chronic high blood glucose levels lead to
The endothelium cells taking in more glucose than normal , damaging the blood vessels
What happens to the small blood vessels that damaged by elevated glucose levels
Haemorrhaging of blood vessels in the retina, renal failure or peripheral nerve dysfunction
How is a rise in blood glucose detected
By receptor cells in the pancreas
What happens when pancreatic receptors respond to high glucose levels
They increase insulin from the pancreas
What does insulin activate
The conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver
How do pancreatic receptors respond to low glucose levels
Increases secretion of glucagon
What does glucagon activate
The conversion of gycogen to glucose
What is the rhyme to remember how blood glucose levels are regulated
Low blood sugar , glucose gone , what you need is glucagon
To turn glucose back to glycogen , what you need is insulin
What happens during exercise & fight or flight
Glucose levels are raised by adrenaline which is released from the adrenal glands
What does adrenaline do
Stimulates glucagon secretion and inhibits insulin secretion
