Unit 1:Biodiversity

Question 1

The importance of biodiversity

Answer 1

It allows systems to adapt to changing conditions using reproduction
It is the gauge of the health of an ecosystem
It maintains a viable ecosystem and contributes to human society (Ex.medicine and agriculture)

Question 2

Genetic biodiversity

Answer 2

Sum of all genes present in a species
Role:
It ensures the survival of a species by allowing evolutionary changes to be made to a species using reproduction. This helps them adapt to changes in their environment. This can happen when animals with superior traits reproduce together

Question 3

Taxonomy

Answer 3

Naming, classifying, identifying species

Question 4

What causes difference in our dna?

Answer 4

SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 5

Why is biodiversity necessary

Answer 5

-Adaptation
-Each role in the ecosystem depends on the roles of other species

Question 6

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 6

-Cells that don’t have a true nucleus,
-make up simple called organisms
-DNA is found in a nucleoid
Ex. Bacteria

Question 7

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 7

• have a true nucleus
  -make up single or multi cellular organisms
  -organelles have specialized functions
  -Ex. Human, animal, plant, fungi

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Controls cell activties

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Produces usable energy for the cell (respiration).

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

Jelly that hold organelles

Question 11

Membrane

Answer 11

Provides support for the cell, allows waste and nutrients in and out

Question 12

Genetic diversity

Answer 12

All genes present in a species. Ensures the survival of a species by having some of the species to have beneficial traits.

Question 13

Ecosystem diversity

Answer 13

Diverse range of habitats amend relationships between habitats.

Question 14

Abiotic

Answer 14

Non living

Question 15

Eukarya domain

Answer 15

Kingdoms: plantae, Animalia and fungi
Includes eukaryotic organisms

Question 16

Anaerobic

Answer 16

No oxygen to breathe

Question 17

Aerobic

Answer 17

Need o2

Question 18

Bacteria

Answer 18

Includes prokaryotic cells
-posses a cell membrane, wall made of peptidoglycan
Kingdoms:eubacteria

Question 19

Archaea

Answer 19

Includes prokaryotic cells
-has a cell wall but no peptidoglycan
-lives in extreme conditions
Kingdoms: archaebacteria

Question 20

Viruses

Answer 20

Made of nucleic acid surrounded by a capsid (protein coat) which protects the na from being degraded by enzymes
Types
-polyhedron
-cylindrical
-spherical
-phages

Question 21

Retroviruses

Answer 21

Viruses that have RNA instead of DNA. They use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert rna to dna to be part of the hosts genome.

Question 22

purple is

Answer 22

Graham positive

Question 23

PINK IS

Answer 23

Graham negative

Question 24

Cocci

Answer 24

Round bacteria

Question 25

Diplococci

Answer 25

Pair of cocci

Question 26

Staphylococci

Answer 26

Clump of Cocci

Question 27

Streptococci

Answer 27

Chain of cocci

Question 28

Bacilli

Answer 28

Rod

Question 29

Bacillis

Answer 29

Singular

Question 30

Diplobacilli

Answer 30

Pair of rods

Question 31

Coco bacilli

Answer 31

Hybrid of cocci and bacilli

Question 32

Spirochetes

Answer 32

Spiral

Question 33

Sparila

Answer 33

Corkscrew

Question 34

Vibrio

Answer 34

Long bent rod

Question 35

Colonies

Answer 35

Visible growths of millions of bacteria

Question 36

How to classify bacteria

Answer 36

1. arrangements
2. graham+vs negative
3. Respiration
   4.Nutrition

Question 37

Transformation of bacteria

Answer 37

When bacteria picks up DNA from dead bacteria

Question 38

Conjugation of Bacteria

Answer 38

When live bacteria exchange genetic material

Question 39

Methanogenesis

Answer 39

Methane is a greenhouse gas. Archaea live in the digestive tract of livestock. Flatulence is a source of methane emissions

Question 40

Staphlo

Answer 40

Prefix for clumps

Question 41

Binary Fission

Answer 41

Bacterial reproduction
Steps:
1.Attatchment
2.Dna replication
3.Elongation and cytokinesis (separation)
4. 2 identical daughter cells

Question 42

Bacteria nutrition

Answer 42

1. heterotroph-> Eats other organisms
2. Photoautoroph-> Uses photosynthesis
   3.Photoheterotroph-> Combo of 1 & 2
3. Chemohetertroph-> Uses energy released through chem reactions

Question 43

What are gametophyte and sporophyte stages of the plant life cycle?

Answer 43

gametophyte -producing sex cells called gametes (n- haploid DNA)
sporophyte - not producing sex cells (2n - diploid DNA)

Question 44

What are the major groups of plants?

Answer 44

mosses - gametophytes - male and female plant that produces haploid sex cells mostly
ferns
gymnosperms
angiosperms
All sporophyte

Question 45

Lysogenic Cycle

Answer 45

Viral reproduction
1.Phage attaches
2. Dna circularizes
3. Dna integrates with bacteria dna becoming a prophage
4.Lysogenic bacteria reproduces
5.Sometimes prophage will excise from bacterial dna making a lytic cycle