Unit 1 Areas to Revise - Cell structure + transport of materials

Question 1

what is the cell wall made of in plants

Answer 1

cellulose

Question 2

is the cell wall made of cellulose in fungal + bacterial cells

Answer 2

no

Question 3

what is the function of the cell wall and what is it made of?

Answer 3

it is freely permeable and provides structure + support for the cell. made of cellulose in plants but not in bacterial and fungal cells

Question 4

what is a plasmid and where are they found

Answer 4

circular ring of DNA found in bacterial cells

Question 5

what is the function of the vacuole and where are they found

Answer 5

bag of cell sap involved in the uptake of water and helps keep shape of cell. found in plant cells and fungal cells

Question 6

what is the function of the chloroplast

Answer 6

contains chlorophyll and site of photosynthesis

Question 7

why is diffusion essential for cells

Answer 7

cells gain glucose, amino acids and oxygen, and lose CO2 and urea

Question 8

what is a hypotonic solution?

Answer 8

a solution which has high water concentration and a low solute concentration (remember: hypo/hydro)

Question 9

what is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 9

a solution which has a low water concentration and a high solute concentration

Question 10

what is an isotonic solution?

Answer 10

a solution which has equal concentrations of water and solute

Question 11

what will happen to animal cells when placed in a hypotonic solution

Answer 11

gain water by osmosis and burst

Question 12

what will happen to animal cells when placed in a hypertonic solution

Answer 12

lose water by osmosis and shrink

Question 13

what will happen to plant when placed in a hypotonic solution

Answer 13

gain water by osmosis and become turgid (cell swells and cell membrane pushes against cell wall)

Question 14

what will happen to plant cells when placed in a hypertonic solution

Answer 14

lose water by osmosis and become plasmolysed (cell membrane shrinks away from cell wall)