Unit 1

Question 1

Type of work conducted in early behavior analysis

Answer 1

Topography-based bx modification/management

Question 2

Populations served in early behavior analysis

Answer 2

Prisoners; sever autism, mental retardation, schizophrenia

Question 3

Conducted the early applications of behavior analysis

Answer 3

Behavioral experimental psychology graduates

Question 4

Used by ABA pioneers to evaluate effectiveness in the real world

Answer 4

Early applications of EAB

Question 5

Year ABA was formalized

Answer 5

1968

Question 6

Caused the drift to behavior modification and management

Answer 6

Institutional need for “behavior modifiers”

Question 7

Approach used by behavior modifiers

Answer 7

“Topography-based” behavior reduction

Question 8

Focuses only on problem bx

Answer 8

Behavior management

Question 9

4 characteristics of behavior modification/management

Answer 9

Cook-book approach
Topography-based
Technologist
Procedures at the core

Question 10

4 characteristics of behavior analysis

Answer 10

Individualized
Function-based
Analysts
Basic principles at the core

Question 11

4 characteristics of problem behavior

Answer 11

Minimizes achieving meaningful outcome
Minimizes access to reinforcers
Maximizes contact with punishers
May result in restricted access to community

Question 12

5 parameters of problem behavior

Answer 12

Rate (too hight)
IRT (too short)
Duration (too long)
Severity/intensity (too high)
Wrong place, situation, or time

Question 13

Topography-based treatment model

Answer 13

Model for treating problem bx based on form of the bx

Question 14

4 characteristics of topography-based treatment procedures

Answer 14

Delivered aversive and restrictive punishers
Used artificial and arbitrary reinforcers
Used thinned reinforcement schedules

Question 15

Cook-book approach

Answer 15

“One-size fits all” approach

Question 16

Topography-based DRI (differential reinforcement of incompatible)

Answer 16

Taught non-functional incompatible behaviors

Question 17

Topography-based DRA (differential reinforcement of alternate behavior)

Answer 17

Alternative behaviors benefited caregivers and not client

Question 18

3 limitations of the topography-based treatment model

Answer 18

Contingent relations are broken
Behavior did not maintain or generalize
Problem behavior hidden under tight stimulus control

Question 19

Function-based treatment model

Answer 19

Model for treating problem behavior based on the function

Question 20

Functional Communication Training (FCT)

Answer 20

An appropriate form of communications is taught to replace problem behavior

Question 21

FCT-Stage 1

Answer 21

Conduct a functional assessment or analysis

Question 22

FCT- Stage 2

Answer 22

Train and differentially reinforce a communicative response

Question 23

FCT- Stage 3

Answer 23

Transfer control to real-life settings and persons

Question 24

Mand Training

Answer 24

More specific words taught and results in a larger speaker repertoire

Question 25

3 strategies for promoting generalization in FCT

Answer 25

Incorporate multiple trainers and settings Include like stimuli Sequential modification

Question 26

Is out subject matter behavior alone?

Answer 26

No; includes operants, respondents, contingencies, functional relations

Question 27

Are the "functions of behavior" only "attention, tangibles, escape, and automatic reinforcement"?

Answer 27

No; typical statements about "function" are oversimplifications

Question 28

Should antecedents have only a first name?

Answer 28

No; antecedents only exist in relation to consequences (last name)

Question 29

Can we neglect context?

Answer 29

No; behavior change in relation to context

Question 30

Are we effective we only change behavior?

Answer 30

No; change real-world contingencies to achieve meaningful outcomes

Question 31

Functional relation

Answer 31

Manipulation of a stimulus produces a reliable and predictable change in a response

Question 32

4 characteristics of functional relations

Answer 32

Probabilistic Nonlinear Complex Allows for predictions

Question 33

Functional relations are probabilistic

Answer 33

Not cause-and-effect or deterministic

Question 34

Functional relations are nonlinear

Answer 34

Compared to nonlinear in calculus

Question 35

Functional relations are complex

Answer 35

Functional relations change with respect to context

Question 36

Everyday usage of the term function

Answer 36

What an organism "does" and "why"

Question 37

Scientific usage of the term function

Answer 37

A mathematical relation between stimulus classes and response classes

Question 38

Problem with using the "everyday definition of function"

Answer 38

Practitioners use teleological explanations

Question 39

Contingency

Answer 39

One event depends on another

Question 40

Discriminative stimuli

Answer 40

Derive effects on behavior from a past history of differential availability with a consequence

Question 41

Motivating operations

Answer 41

Derive effects on behavior from their value-altering effect on consequences

Question 42

Last name of discriminative stimuli

Answer 42

Consequence leads to the development of that discriminative stimulus

Question 43

Last name of motivating operations

Answer 43

The consequence whose value is being altered