unit 1

Question 1

Function of Carbs

Answer 1

body’s main source of energy
two types- simple and complex
fibre is a type of carb
comes from plant sources

Question 2

function of fats

Answer 2

used to store energy
twice as many calories as carbs
insulate body and protect organs
solid and room temp, liquids are oils
sat, unsat, transfat, cholesterol, 
omegas are good fats

Question 3

functions of proteins

Answer 3

building block for body to grow and repair

made of amino acids

Question 4

function of vitamins

Answer 4

needed in small amounts to regulate body functions
help body use other nutrients and fight infection
examples - vitamin A B C D E K
most comes from fruits veggies and dairy
some vitamins = fat soluble (A,D,E,K)
some = water soluble (B,C)

Question 5

functions of minerals

Answer 5

controls important chemical in body
need small amounts to keep bones strong, teeth healthy, blood healthy.
body needs 17 minerals a day

Question 6

calories from food

Answer 6

carbs = 55 %
fat = 30 % 
protein = 12-15%

Question 7

digestion process

Answer 7

mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
portal vein

Question 8

carbohydrate is a compound w/

Answer 8

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 9

main sources of carbs

Answer 9

plant sources. fruits veggies grains dried beans peas

milk is only animal source

Question 10

simple carbs

Answer 10

monosaccharides (1) and disaccharides (2 or more)

easy to digest and converted rapidly into blood sugar

Question 11

complex carbs

Answer 11

glucose forms compound called polysaccharides
example of polymer, large molecule formed when small molecules of same type form together
digested and broken down at slower rate

Question 12

monosaccharides

Answer 12

glucose
galactose - small amount in yoghurt and cheese
fructose - fruits and tree sap, honey

Question 13

disaccharides

Answer 13

lactose - milk
sucrose - table sugar
maltose - cereals and sprouting grains

Question 14

three polysaccharides important to nutrition

Answer 14

glycogen
starches
fibres

Question 15

glycogen

Answer 15

storage form of energy in animal body. human stores glucose as glycogen.

Question 16

starches

Answer 16

to plants what glycogen is to animals. reserved energy, plant cells store glucose as starches
body hydrolyzes the starch to glucose and uses the glucose for its own energy purpose

Question 17

fibre

Answer 17

structural part of plants. bond between their monosaccharides can’t be broken down by human digestive enzymes.
aids in digestion and clears body of toxins
main form is cellulose

Question 18

Soluble Fibre

Answer 18

dissolved in water

decreases blood cholesterol and glucose levels

Question 19

Insoluble fibre

Answer 19

absorbs water

helps move food through intestine

Question 20

Sat Fat

Answer 20

solid at room temp

found in meat, poultry skin, while diary products, tropical oil, tend to raise level of ldl

Question 21

polyunsaturated

Answer 21

liquid at room temp
found in corn oil, soybean oil, safflower oil
lowers cholesterol level

Question 22

monounsaturated fat

Answer 22

liquid at room temp
found in olives, olive oil, avocados, peanut oil
lowers ldl raises hdl

Question 23

Hydrogenation

Answer 23

process in which hydrogen atoms are added to unsat fat to make it firmer in texture

Question 24

protein

Answer 24

amino acids link together to form peptides

Question 25

Microminerals

Answer 25

selenium
iodine 
copper
fluoride
zinc 
iron

Question 26

macro mineral

Answer 26

calcium 
phosphorus
magnesium 
potassium
chloride
sodium