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Health Education (HEC101V) > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

HEALTH - WHO DEFINITION (5)

A
  1. State of complete physical, mental & social wellbeing
    a. Health depends on more than just physical wellbeing
    b. Physical health can influence all areas of development
  2. Not just an absence of disease
    a. Focus on health and not illness
  3. To maintain health
    a. Care for health of self & others
    b. Make positive health decisions
    c. Ensure healthy environment
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2
Q

PRENATAL FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH (5)

A

AFFECT FOETUS FROM CONCEPTION UNTIL BIRTH

  1. Genetic conditions
  2. Mother’s age
  3. Mother being unhealthy
  4. Infections in pregnancy
  5. Medication taken during pregnancy
  6. Alcohol
  7. Drugs
  8. Smoking
  9. Radioactivity
  10. Baby being born pre-maturely
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3
Q

PERINATAL FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH (4)

A

TIME OF BIRTH

  1. Lack of oxygen during birth process
  2. Birth injuries
  3. Haemorrhage
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4
Q

POSTNATAL FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH (5)

A

AFTER BIRTH

  1. Damage to central nervous system because of infections
  2. Injury
  3. Poisoning
  4. Lack of oxygen or metabolic disturbances
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5
Q

EFFECTS PHYSICAL HEALTH HAS ON EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT (5)

A
  1. Sick child can be irritable & anxious -> difficult to integrate in school & form relationships
  2. Hungry or poorly nourished child can get angry quickly & not be able to concentrate
  3. Obese child can very self-conscious because of teasing
  4. Tired child who has not received enough sleep can overreact to everything
  5. Overprotected, chronically sick child can be very demanding
  6. Emotional disturbed children can wet beds & vomit
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6
Q

EFFECTS PHYSICAL HEALTH HAS ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (5)

A
  1. Illness separates child from peer group for some time -> must create social connections again when coming back to school.
  2. Not accepted into group because of different physical appearance or ability.
    a. Don’t accept obese children because they can’t physically do the same things as the group
    b. Make fun of obese children because of size
    i. Negatively affects self-image
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7
Q

EFFECTS PHYSICAL HEALTH HAS ON INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT (4)

A
  1. Illnesses that affect ability to move sufficiently will become barrier to learning
    a. Connection between motor skills & academic achievement
    b. Has biggest negative effect on children in earlier years because explore world using body
  2. Infections can also affect ability for brain to function optimally causing child not to be able to perform at full potential
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8
Q

HEALTH PROMOTION (5)

A
  1. Health education, and environmental influences (organisations, politics, economics) used to help change people’s behaviour & living conditions to protect & improve health of individuals & communities.
  2. Allows people to have more control over own health
  3. Improve own health
  4. Encourages communities & decision makers to change policies that affect people’s health
  5. Includes
    a. Education
    b. Community participation
    c. Community development
    d. Prevention of specific diseases
    e. Provision of basic services (sanitation, water)
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9
Q

HEALTH EDUCATION (5)

A
  1. Health education is one aspect of health promotion
  2. planning and creating learning activities related to health
  3. Aim to get learners to actively develop positive health related behaviours
  4. To improve their wellbeing
  5. Be motivated to develop health-promoting behaviours
  6. Help people to make health informed decisions
  7. Change behaviour voluntarily to improve health
  8. Need more than just knowledge of health problems – need understanding political, social and economic situation of people in order to be able to effectively help them.
  9. As teacher need to teach health education early on in child’s life.
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10
Q

INTERNATIONAL CRITERIA FOR HEALTH PROMOTING SCHOOLS (5)

A
  1. Improve school’s physical, social & psychological environment.
  2. Promote learners’ self-esteem
  3. Have Good relationships – teacher-learner & peer groups
  4. Have Positive & productive relationship between school, family & community
  5. Health education curriculum should be motivating & well-balanced
  6. Use Specialist community services for advice & support on health
  7. School health services should be actively involved in health education curriculum
  8. How school promotes health of staff
  9. How adults present themselves as role models to learners
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11
Q

LOCAL CRITERIA FOR HEALTH PROMOTING SCHOOLS (5)

A
  1. Develop healthy school policies to help meet health needs of members of school
  2. Have access to relevant services to meet health needs of members of school
  3. Develop skills of members of school so they can improve own health & influence others to improve their health too
  4. Develop healthy attitudes & practices by creating supportive environment
  5. Get the community involved to find ways to meet health needs of everyone
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12
Q

HEALTH EDUCATORS - PARENTS & FAMILY (5)

A
  1. Very important role in health education
  2. Health education begins at home
    a. Responsible for caring for children in home environment
    b. Act as role models – Children tend to live life the way their family members do
    i. Teachers & family should support one another in providing health education to children
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13
Q

HEALTH EDUCATORS - TEACHER (2)

A
  1. The main health educator at school

2. Provides health education for children, parents & staff

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14
Q

HEALTH EDUCATORS - OTHER PROFESSIONALS (3)

A
  1. Doctors, dentists, nurses, dieticians, social workers & psychologists
  2. Provide expert knowledge on health & things related to health
  3. Should involve them in health education when needed
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15
Q

HEALTH EDUCATORS - CHILDREN (4)

A
  1. Programmes like Child-to-Child programmes prove that children not only learn health education from adults but also from each other
  2. Child-to-Child programme gets children to teach siblings & other members of family about things like child care, accident prevention, nutrition & immunisation.
  3. Programme assumes that
    a. Education is most effective when it is connected to things that are important to children & family
    b. Education inside & outside of school are connected so learning becomes integrated
    c. Children have will, skill, potential & motivation to help each other & are encouraged to do so
  4. Health education taught by children becomes more important at end of Foundation Phase & during Intermediate Phase as learners accept knowledge from peers more than they do from adults.
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16
Q

ROLE OF PARENTS IN HEALTH EDUCATION (5)

A
  1. Encourage parents to share thoughts or feelings about health problems
  2. Create school parent centre that can be used for parents & school to have meetings & to get access to resources
  3. Encourage parents, children & school to interact by organising activities that involve everyone
  4. Create booklet that has tips & guidelines related to health education in it for parents
  5. Organise weekend or evening meetings with parents so they can learn how to get more involved
  6. Organise for parents & teachers to meet at least 3 times a year
  7. Create monthly parent newsletter
  8. Encourage learners to carry a notebook that teachers & parents can use to communicate on a daily basis
17
Q

CRITERIA USED TO DETERMINE HEALTH, SAFETY, NUTRITION CURRICULUM THAT IS APPROPRIATE FOR LEARNERS (10)

A
  1. Are activities appropriate for learners’ age, culture & developmental stage?
  2. Is it holistic?
  3. Does it allow learners to make own decisions?
  4. Does it promote positive choices?
  5. Is it adaptable?
  6. Can learners explore & interact?
  7. Does it have a variety of activities?
  8. Does it have a variety of teaching methods?
  9. Do learning experiences allow learners to gain knowledge, skills & attitudes related to health?
  10. Are activities multisensory?
  11. Is it economical?
  12. Is information unbiased?

Health Education (HEC101V) (15 decks)

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