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AP Human Geo > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of living organisms and the abiotic spheres with which they interact

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1
Q

Vernacular region

A

An area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

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2
Q

Ecology

A

The scientific study of ecosystems

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3
Q

Distance decay

A

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

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4
Q

Cultural landscape

A

The fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

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5
Q

Concentration

A

Spread of something over a given area

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6
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a groups distinct tradition.

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7
Q

Environmental determinism

A

A nineteenth and early twentieth century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography has therefore the study of how the physical environment caused by human activities

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8
Q

Diffusion

A

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another

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9
Q

Connection

A

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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10
Q

Cartography

A

The science of making maps

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11
Q

Atmosphere

A

The layer of gases surrounding earth

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12
Q

Abiotic

A

Composed of non living on inorganic matter

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13
Q

Contagious diffusion

A

The rapid widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

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14
Q

Biosphere

A

All living organisms on earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms.

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15
Q

Biotic

A

Composed of living organisms

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16
Q

Climate

A

Long term average weather condition at a particular location

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17
Q

Conservation

A

The sustainable management of a natural resource.

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18
Q

Density

A

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

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19
Q

Distribution

A

The arrangement of something across earth’s surface

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20
Q

Cultural ecology

A

A geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships

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21
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All of the water on and near earth’s surface

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22
Q

Globalization

A

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

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23
Q

Expansion diffusion

A

Spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process

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24
Q

GPS

A

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking systems, and receivers.

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25
Q

GIS

A

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data

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26
Q

Functional region

A

An area organized around a node or focal point

27
Q

Formal region

A

An area in which everyone shares in common one or more district ice characteristics

28
Q

GIScience

A

The development and analysis of data about earth acquired through satellite and other electronic info technologies

29
Q

GMT

A

The time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian, 0 degrees longitude

30
Q

Hierarchical diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons places.

31
Q

Parallel

A

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and create right angles to the meridians

32
Q

International Date Line

A

180 degrees longitude. Divides land areas. When you pass the line going east, the clock will go back 24 hours. When you go west then you go a day ahead.

33
Q

Latitude

A

Numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

34
Q

Lithosphere

A

Earth’s crust and a portion of upper mantle directly below the crust

35
Q

Longitude

A

Numbering system used to indicate the location of the meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian

36
Q

Location

A

The position of anything on earth’s surface

37
Q

Uneven development

A

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of globalization

38
Q

Translational corporation

A

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries

39
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a portion of the earth’s sufrace

40
Q

Sustainability

A

The use of earth’s renewable and non renewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future

41
Q

Stimulus diffusion

A

The spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

42
Q

Projection

A

A system used to transform locations from earths surface to a flat map

43
Q

Region

A

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

44
Q

Possibilism

A

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.

45
Q

Regional studies

A

An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

46
Q

Prime meridian

A

The meridian designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the rural observatory at Greenwich, England

47
Q

Resource

A

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access and is socially acceptable to use

48
Q

Renewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

49
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

50
Q

Polder

A

Land created by Dutch by draining water from an area

51
Q

Space time compression

A

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

52
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects

53
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to another place

54
Q

Site

A

The physical character of a place

55
Q

Scale

A

Generally, the relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole

56
Q

Remote sensing

A

The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long distance methods

57
Q

Non renewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans

58
Q

Meridian

A

An arc drawn on a Map between the north and South Pole

59
Q

Mental map

A

A representation of earths surface of a portion of earths surface based on what an individual knows

60
Q

Map scale

A

The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on a map

61
Q

Map

A

A 2D, or flat, representation of earths surface or portion of it

62
Q

Housing bubble

A

A rapid increase in the value of houses followed by a sharp decline in their value

63
Q

Hearth

A

The region from which innovative ideas originate

64
Q

Place

A

A specific point on earth distinguished by a particular characteristic

65
Q

Preservation

A

A maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible

AP Human Geo (6 decks)

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