Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

medicine cabinet > unit 1 > Flashcards

unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

7 pillars of self care

A

Kaylee Met Phil Eating Really Hot Ravoli
knowledge and health literacy
mental wellbeing, self awareness and agency
physical activity
healthy eating
risk avoidance or mitigation
good hygiene
rational and responsible use of self-care products and services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are prescription medications regulated as? and what are their requirements?

A

medicine
- FDA considers new drugs to be unsafe until proven safe through clinical trials
- intended to treat, diagnose, cure and prevent disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are over the counter medications regulated as? and what are their requirements?

A

medicine
-FDA considers new drugs to be unsafe until proven safe
-intended to treat, diagnose, cure or prevent disease
must be able to self diagnose, self treat and self manage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are dietary supplements regulated as? and what are their requirements?

A

food
- FDA considers safe until proven unsafe
- not required to test new ingredients/supplements in clinical trials
-intended to supplement diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is on an OTC Drugs Fact Label

A

active ingredients and purpose, uses, warnings, direction, other information and inactive ingredients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the most expensive type of care?

A

secondary/tertiary : aka hospital costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the least expensive type of care?

A

self care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the differences between brand name and generic OTC medications?

A

they differ in appearance, flavor, fillers or inactive ingredients, and marketing/packaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what diseases are transmitted by mosquitos?

A

malaria, chikungunya, yellow fever, dengue, zika, and west nile virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what diseases do ticks carry?

A

lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, STARI, babesiosis, tularemia and more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what diseases do chiggers spread?

A

they do not spread disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what diseases do fleas spread?

A

may spread typhus or bubonic plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what diseases do bed bugs spread?

A

not known to spread disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how to prevent insect bites and stings?

A

use insect repellent, avoid wooded areas, check clothes and pets after going outside, remove buckets or birdbaths that allow mosquitos to lay eggs, and rid the area of fleas by treating pets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mosquito prevention

A

wear protective clothing, moquito nets, use insect repellants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

protection against bed bugs

A

protective mattresses and pillow covers, wash and dry affected garments with high temps, vaccuum carpet around sleeping area, and pesticide treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

protection against stinging insects

A

light colored clothing, avoid perfumes and scented lotions and minimize flowering plants and food in outdoor areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how to safely use insect repellent

A

do not use under clothing, near eyes or mouth, spray onto hands to apply to face, do not spray in enclosed areas or around food and avoid inhaling spray products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what concentration of DEET is recommended for adults?

A

10-35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what concentration of DEET is recommended for tick prevention?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what concentration of DEET is recommended for children? and at what age should they not use it?

A

below 30%
children under 2 months should not use DEET products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the purpose of concentrations of DEET higher than 50%?

A

it has no additional protection but may have longer effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is DEET?

A

an active ingredient in insect repellant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how to remove ticks

A
  1. use fine tipped tweezers to grasp the tick
  2. pull tick away, do not twist or jerk
  3. if mouth parts are stuck, remove with tweeezers
  4. clean the area with either rubbing alcohol or soap and water
  5. dispose of live tick using alcohol, a sealed bag or flushing it down the toilet
  6. keeping the tick to help with identification can be helpful
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
how to remove insect stingers?
do not use tweezers because more venom could be released - scrape with fingernail or credit card - apply ice pack or anti itch medications such as benadryl
26
preventing contact and allergic skin reactions
avoidance, wear protective clothing when in areas where poisonous plants may be, clean tools pets and clothes after potential exposures, use caution when burning brush or weeds, use barrier creams if exposure is expected
27
oatmeal baths can be useful to calm itchy skin but...
it can make the bathtub slippery
28
what is a comfort measure for allergic or irritant reactions
cool compresses for 15-30 mins several times a day
29
Domemboro or Burrow's Solution
aluminium sulfate + calcium acetate or aluminium acetate
30
Calamine
skin protectant that helps dry blisters and reduces inflammation and itching
31
hydrocortisone (topical sterioid)
reduces swelling and itching (most effective)
32
topical anesthetics - purpose, examples and side effects
numbs skin examples: proamoxine, benzyl alcohol, lidocaine, benzocaine, dibucaine, and phenol - can cause allergic reaction
33
counterirritants
provides a cooling sensation to relieve itching examples: menthol and camphor - can be poisonous if ingested
34
diphenhydramine tablets or capsules
antihistamines example: benadryl -not recommended for use in poison ivy,oak or sumac
35
when to seek medical attention for allergic skin reactions
rash covers more than 10-20% of the body, rash is on face or genitals, rash has not improved after 1 week, itching cannot be tolerated and OTC products are not effective, children less than 2 years, signs of infection
36
eczema symptoms
dry skin - thick, cracked or scaly itching skin - red raised bumps, scratching often leads to secondary infection trouble sleeping
37
areas of skin affected by eczema
cheeks, backs of knees, elbows and wrists
38
self care treatments for eczema
topical steroids such as hydrocortisone skin hydration : ointments that retain moisture, avoid moisturizers with perfumes and dyes, apply after bathing for best results, lotions that contain high water content may worsen the dry skin
39
when to seek medical care for eczema
less than 1 years, covers large area of body, OTC not effective, signs of skin infection
40
triggers for eczema
increase humidity, dust mites, pet dander, pollen, molds or foods rough fabrics such as wool and certain soaps/detergents
41
types of wounds and burns
abrasions, punctures, lacerations and burns
42
types of burns
thermal, electrical, chemical and UV radiation exposure
43
seeking medical attention for wounds and burns
foreign matter, sign of infection, involving the major joint, face muccous membranes or genitalia, larger than 1/2 inch in diameter, secondary to bite, individuals that has diabetes or other medical disorders that would complicate healing, no signs of healing in 7 days
44
goals of wound treatment
remove the offending agent, stop bleeding, provide pain relief, decease infection risk, and protect skin and promote moisture
45
wound wash sprays pros and cons
pros - may help remove debris and dirt cons - no clear advantage over tap water
46
hydrogen peroxide pros and cons
pros - cleans wound cons - risk of tissue damage and delay wound healing
47
ethyl or isopropyl alcohol pros and cons
pros - antibacterial activity cons - can delay wound healing
48
chlorhexidine pros and cons
pros - improving wound healing lacking cons - can delay wound healing
49
iodine or povidone iodine pros and cons
pros - destroys the growth of microorganisms cons - can be irritating to the skin and systemic absorption may affect thyroid
50
OTC topical antibiotics for wound care and which has the highest risk?
bacitracin, polymoxin B sulface, and neomycin (highest risk to cause allergic reactions)
51
adults need a tetanus booster ever __ years
10
52
symptoms caused by tetanus
lockjaw, muscle spasms, trouble swallowing, headache and fever
53
risk factors for sunburn
length of sun expose, time of exposure (10am-4pm is most intense), high altitudes, distance to equator, snow sand and water, fair skin tones, and some medications
54
what SPF should you use?
SPF 30 or higher - if in water, use water resistant
55
first degree burn
pain, redness, warmth, swelling
56
second degree burn
blistering, chills, fever, pain and shock - risk of infection
57
repeated exposure can cause...
skin aging or skin cancer
58
ABCDE of melanoma
asymmetry, border, color, diameter and evolution
59
physical sunscreens
active ingredients - zinc oxide and titanium dioxide - reflects UV rays - less likely to irritate skin - broad spectrum
60
chemical sunscreens
active ingredients - many - absorbs UV rays - may irritate skins
61
if skin is not broken, what should you apply to a sunburn to reduce inflammation and help with itching?
topical hydrocortisone
62
if skin is not broken, what should you apply to a sunburn to numb pain?
topical anesthetics
63
athlete's foot
commonly found between toes, but can include bottoms of feet appearance - red, flaky, itching, rash, may have a white and dry skin appearance
64
jock itch
found in groin or inner thigh symptoms - red, itchy rash
65
ringworm
found on arms, legs, butt, or trunk of body appearance - circular rash with prominent edges and clear center symptoms - sometimes itchy
66
ringworm on scalp ____ be self treated
SHOULD NOT
67
risks for developing fungal infections
tight fitting clothes, warm climates, clean and dry skin, weak immune system, diabetes or poor circulation, contact with infected individuals/animals/objects
68
common antifungal OTC
clotrimazole, terbinafine, miconazole, tolnaftate, and butenafine
69
how long can treatment for fungal infections take?
2-4 weeks
70
what antifungal medications help absorb excess moisture? and what should not be used to treat them?
powder - creams and solution formulations adhere better - topical steroids should not be used
71
OTC for acne
adapalene gel, benzoyl peroxide, salicyclic acid, and sulfur
72
light therapy
destroys P acnes but not effective on blackheads, nodules or cysts
73
where are common warts often seen?
hands/fingers
74
where are plantar warts often seen?
soles of feet
75
where are flat warts often seen?
places where you shave or child's face
76
where are periungual warts seen?
nail beds
77
which warts can be treated with OTC?
common and plantar warts
78
warts are transmitted by?
contact
79
true or false: duct can be used to remove a wart
TRUE
80
treatments for warts
salicylic acids - may take up to 12 weeks cryotherapy - repeat after 2 weeks, if needed
81
Candidiasis Infection (yeast) symptoms
thick, white discharge, redness, swelling, itching, odorless
82
bacterial vaginosis symptoms
thin, foamy green, white, grey or tan discharge - fishy odor, pain, itching pain, burning with or without urination
83
trichomoniasis signs and symptoms
yellow-green discharge, fishy odor, redness, pain with urination, swelling
84
vaginal yeast drug ingredients all end in ___
-zole
85
vaginal yeast infection OTC
miconazole, clotrimazole, butoconazole, tioconazole
86
treatment duration options for yeast infections
1 day, 3 day, or 7 day - continue for entire duration - 80-90% effective

medicine cabinet (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions