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medicine cabinet > smoking cessation and vaping/oral care > Flashcards

smoking cessation and vaping/oral care Flashcards

1
Q

effects of nicotine on body

A

Increased blood pressure
Inflammation of the lungs
High insulin and insulin resistance
Abnormal dreams
Headache
Irritability
High clotting risk

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2
Q

common cancer locations

A

Lungs
Liver
Colon and rectum
Acute myeloid leukemia
Mouth and throat
Esophagus

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3
Q

physical dependance

A

addiction to nicotine
- stimulant effects on brain
- withdrawal effects
treated with medications

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4
Q

behavioral dependance

A

habit forming
treated with coping strategies

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5
Q

nicotine replacement therapy OTC

A

patches
gum
lozenges

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6
Q

nicotine replacement therapy prescription

A

nasal spray and inhaler

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7
Q

nicotine patches dosage

A

10 or more cigarettes a day: 21mg
less than 10: 14 mg

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8
Q

pros of nicotine patches

A

easy directions
can be used alone or in combination
helps control cravings

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9
Q

cons of nicotine patches

A

needs to specially disposed of
may fall off due to sweat and hair
not helpful for breakthrough cravings

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10
Q

side effects of nicotine patches

A

sleep disturbance and irritation

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11
Q

process of nicotine patches

A
  • rotate sites
  • leave on for 12-24 hours
    do not cut
    may wear in water
    avoid irritated skin and new tattoos
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12
Q

nicotine gum dosage

A

first cigarette less than 30 min: 4mg
more than 30 min: 2mg

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13
Q

pros of nicotine gum

A

easy to use
best used in combination
helps breakthrough cravings
prevents withdrawal symptoms
multiple flavors

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14
Q

cons of nicotine gum

A

not good for people with dentures
taste

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15
Q

side effects of nicotine gum

A

mouth irritation
jaw soreness
heartburn and nausea

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16
Q

max pieces of nicotine gum

A

24 daily

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17
Q

process of nicotine gum

A

chew until peppery taste, park till gone, repeat until taste doesn’t come back
- no food or drink within 15 mins before or during use

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18
Q

nicotine lozenges dosage

A

first cigarette less than 30 min: 4 mg
more than 30 min: 2 mg

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19
Q

pros of nicotine lozenges

A

easy to use
best used in combination
helps breakthrough cravings
prevents withdrawal symptoms
good for people with dentures

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20
Q

cons of nicotine lozenges

A

can melt in high temps

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21
Q

side effects of nicotine lozenges

A

mouth irritation
hiccups
heartburn and nausea

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22
Q

max number of lozenges

A

20 daily

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23
Q

process of lozenges

A

rotate around mouth and suck (no chewing) until gone, about 20-30 mins
no food or drink 15 mins before or during use

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24
Q

nicotine and caffeine

A

nicotine increases metabolism of caffeine by 56%
smoking cessation can double the amount of caffeine in the body for the same amount of caffeine consumed

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25
Q

within 20 mins of smoking cessation

A

blood flow and heart rate return to normal

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26
Q

after 8 hours of smoking cessation

A

inhaled carbon monoxide clears, returning blood levels back to normal

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27
Q

after 24 hours of smoking cessation

A

coughing increases to clear toxins from lung
risk of coronary artery disease begins to decrease

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28
Q

after 48 hours of smoking cessation

A

damaged nerve-endings begin to repair themselves
non-chronic smokers have taste buds, making food taste better

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29
Q

after 1 month of smoking cessation

A

risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease decreases

30
Q

after 3-9 months of smoking cessation

A

damaged cilia in the lungs are repaired which reduces shortness of breath and coughing

31
Q

after 1 year of smoking cessation

A

risk of developing heart disease from atheroma’s decreases by half

32
Q

after 10 years of smoking cessation

A

risk of developing lung cancer decreases by half compared to current smokers

33
Q

after 15 years of smoking cessation

A

risk of heart attack decreases to the same as non-smokers

34
Q

OTC for vaping cessation

A

same as smoking but dosing based on how many mg of nicotine per day

35
Q

caries

A

tooth decay caused by breakdown of tooth enamel
- aka cavity

36
Q

causes of caries

A

infectious disease caused by plaque bacteria that generates acid which breaks down enamel and dentin

37
Q

risk factors of caries

A

poor oral hygiene, dental devices, dry mouth, tobacco, alcohol, diabetes, pregnancy, heartburn, receding gum line

38
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

39
Q

causes of gingivitis

A

increased plaque that invades gums

40
Q

risk factors of gingivitis

A

poor oral hygiene, medications, tobacco, pregnancy

41
Q

halitosis

A

unpleasant odor of mouth

42
Q

causes of halitosis

A

body and mouth health, oral disease

43
Q

risk factors of halitosis

A

poor oral hygiene, medications, foods with VSC, tobacco and alcohol

44
Q

mechanical plaque removal

A

brush teeth for 2 mins twice daily
replace toothbrush every 3-4 months
soft bristles
floss daily
oral irrigating device (not replacement for flossing and brushing)

45
Q

chemical management

A

use appropriate toothpaste
mouth wash: reduces plaque and gingivitis
dental whitening: only 3 ADA approved and do not use if under 12

46
Q

what to avoid during chemical management

A

toothpaste tablets: not effective
hydrogen peroxide: can damage gum and dental tissue
charcoal toothpaste: too abrasive and damages enamel
lemon juice/baking soda: weakens enamel, abrasive and acidic

47
Q

mild abrasive toothpaste

A

Cleans teeth and limits damage to tooth surface
Example: baking soda and sodium lauryl sulfate

48
Q

tartar-control toothpaste

A

Prevents or slow new calcium formation
Examples: zinc chloride and zinc citrate

49
Q

fluoride toothpaste

A

Caries prevention and treatment by forming protective mineral layer over teeth
Examples: sodium fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, and stannous fluoride

50
Q

whitening toothpaste

A

High abrasive
Example: titanium dioxide

51
Q

fluoride mouth rinses

A

Listerine Total Care Anticavity, Crest Anticavity Fluoride Rinse, Colgate Phos-Flur Ortho Defense, ACT Anticavity Fluoride Rinse
All contains different amounts of sodium fluoride

52
Q

plaque/gingivitis control mouth rinses

A

Listerine Antiseptic and Equate Antiseptic Mouth Rinse
Contains eucalyptol, menthol, methyl salicylate, and sometimes thymol

53
Q

cosmetic mouth rinses

A

CloSYS Alcohol-Free Oral Health Rinse or TheraBreath Fresh Breath Oral Rinse

54
Q

seeking medical attention for oral problems

A

Symptoms of a toothache
Teeth develop mottled appearance
Gums bleed, swell or become red
Mouth odor persists despite regular use of fluoride toothpaste
Cause of mouth odor cannot be identified

55
Q

causes of cold sores

A

herpes simplex virus
- remains dormant in nerve cells until recurrence is triggered

56
Q

symptoms of cold sores

A

tingling
itching
blisters
oozing
crusting

57
Q

non drug prevention for cold sores

A

Cold, damp compress
Stress and fatigue reduction
Avoid outdoor triggers (UV light, cold, windburn)
Maintain good oral care habits
Keep area moist, avoid cracking

58
Q

OTC for cold sores

A

abreva, orajel cold sore, herpecin L, carmex

59
Q

abreva

A

-antiviral
purpose: prevent viral replication
active ingredients: docosanol

60
Q

administration of abreva

A

apply 5 times per day at the first sign of outbreak until the cold sore is healed or up to 10 days

61
Q

orajel cold sore

A

topical anesthetic
purpose: relieve discomfort, pain and itching
active ingredients: benzocaine

62
Q

herpecin L

A

skin protectant/antiviral
purpose: keep scab moist and prevent viral replication
active ingredients: dimethicone and lysine

63
Q

carmex

A

topical anesthetic/skin protectant
purpose: relieve discomfort, itching, pain and keeps scabs moist
active ingredients: camphor and white petroleum

64
Q

seeking medical attention for cold sores

A

Lesions do not heal in 14 days
Increased frequency/recurrence of breakouts
Signs of infections
Weakened immune system
No previous diagnosis of a cold sore

65
Q

causes of canker sores

A

minor injury to mouth, food sensitivities, emotional stress, hormonal changes, iron or vitamin B deficiency, chronic conditions, infections, medications

66
Q

symptoms of cold sores

A

round or oval with white or yellow center and red border, tingling and burning, painful

67
Q

non-drug prevention for canker sores

A

Apply cold, damp compress or ice
Reduce stress
Avoid dietary triggers
Supplement or increase dietary intake of iron, folate, and vitamin B
Use orthodontal waxes
Maintain good oral care

68
Q

OTC for canker sores

A

benzocaine/lidocaine
hydrogen peroxide
ibuprofen or acetaminophen

69
Q

benzocaine/lidocaine

A

topical anesthetic
numbs painful area

70
Q

hydrogen peroxide

A

oral debriding and wound cleaning
remove effected tissue and provide temporary pain relief

71
Q

ibuprofen and acetimophen

A

systemic analgesia
reduces pain

72
Q

seeking medical attention for canker sores

A

Lesions do not heal in 14 days
Frequently occurring lesions
Signs of infections
Symptoms worse with self-treatment

medicine cabinet (6 decks)

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