unit 1

Question 1

testable question

Answer 1

ones which can be answered through experimental inquiry and observation of the natural world

Question 2

non testable question

Answer 2

Questions that cannot be answered by direct observation or by evidence gathered through experimental inquiries

Question 3

quantitative

Answer 3

relating to, measuring, or measured by the quantity of something rather than its quality

Question 4

qualitative

Answer 4

relating to, measuring, or measured by the quality of something rather than its quantity

Question 5

trials

Answer 5

test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something

Question 6

observation

Answer 6

the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information

Question 7

empirical evidence

Answer 7

information gathered directly or indirectly through observation or experimentation that

Question 8

data

Answer 8

facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

Question 9

model is science

Answer 9

a representation of a phenomenon, object, structure, or system

Question 10

analogy

Answer 10

a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification

Question 11

prototype

Answer 11

a first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine, from which other forms are developed or copied

Question 12

hypothesis

Answer 12

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation

Question 13

variable

Answer 13

not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change

Question 14

procedure

Answer 14

an established or official way of doing something

Question 15

precision

Answer 15

the quality, condition, or fact of being exact and accurate

Question 16

accuracy

Answer 16

the quality or state of being correct or precise

Question 17

scientific method

Answer 17

a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses

Question 18

control

Answer 18

the power to influence or direct people’s behavior or the course of events

Question 19

constant

Answer 19

the act of doing over and over again

Question 20

predict

Answer 20

to think of what will happen in the future

Question 21

infer

Answer 21

deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements

Question 22

independent variable

Answer 22

a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another

Question 23

dependent variable

Answer 23

a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another

Question 24

manipulated variable

Answer 24

a part of an experiment that you can change to see how other variables respond

Question 25

responding variable

Answer 25

the part of an experiment that a scientists measures and observes closely for a change or a response

Question 26

sample size

Answer 26

the number of observations or individuals included in a study or experiment

Question 27

validity

Answer 27

the quality of being logically or factually sound; soundness or cogency

Question 28

trends in data

Answer 28

the general change in a variable with time

Question 29

correlation

Answer 29

a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things

Question 30

variability

Answer 30

lack of consistency or fixed pattern; liability to vary or change

Question 31

mass

Answer 31

a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape

Question 32

volume

Answer 32

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great

Question 33

weight

Answer 33

how heavy or light an object is

Question 34

percent

Answer 34

by a specified amount in or for every hundred

Question 35

rate

Answer 35

a measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against some other quantity or measure

Question 36

ratio

Answer 36

the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other

Question 37

line graph

Answer 37

a graphical representation of information that changes over a period of time

Question 38

bar graph

Answer 38

a diagram in which the numerical values of variables are represented by the height or length of lines or rectangles of equal width

Question 38

pie graph

Answer 38

a type of graph representing data in a circular form, with each slice of the circle

Question 39

scatterplot

Answer 39

a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present

Question 40

claim

Answer 40

a demand for something due or believed to be due

Question 41

evidence

Answer 41

things to back up a claim

Question 42

reason

Answer 42

a cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event

Question 43

theory

Answer 43

a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained

Question 44

bias

Answer 44

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair