unit 1

Question 1

competition

Answer 1

interaction is detrimental to both species; intra or interspecific

Question 2

predation

Answer 2

one species is benefits, the other is harmed; one organism consumes another

Question 3

mutualism

Answer 3

both species are benefited

Question 4

commensalism

Answer 4

one species benefits, the other is unaffected

Question 5

intraspecific

Answer 5

within the same species

Question 6

interspecific

Answer 6

between different species

Question 7

fundamental niche

Answer 7

full potential role of an organism with NO competition

Question 8

realized niche

Answer 8

actual role of an organism including predation and competition + resource partitioning

Question 9

resource partitioning

Answer 9

different species in an ecosystem split resources to avoid competition (utilize realized niche)

Question 10

parasitism

Answer 10

one species is benefits, the other is harmed; parasite takes nutrients from host

Question 11

animal defenses against predation

Answer 11

tasting bad, defensive coloration, chemical defenses, mimicry

Question 12

aposematic coloring

Answer 12

warning color to advertise poisonous nature

Question 13

cryptic coloration

Answer 13

camoflage/blending in to hide from predators or ambush prey

Question 14

chemical defenses

Answer 14

bites, stings, poisons

Question 15

ecosystem

Answer 15

biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

Question 16

biotic components

Answer 16

living organisms; ex. plants, animals, bacteria

Question 17

abiotic components

Answer 17

nonliving; ex. air, water, soil, rock

Question 18

primary productivity

Answer 18

rate at which solar energy is converted into organic compounds via photosynthesis (kcal/m^2/yr)

Question 19

gross primary productivity

Answer 19

total photosynthesis rate for all AUTOTROPHS

Question 20

net primary productivity

Answer 20

GPP - energy lost due to cellular respiration

Question 21

biomes with highest primary productivity

Answer 21

tropical and wet biomes, most biodiversity

Question 22

biomes with the lowest primary productivity

Answer 22

dry, deserts, lacking in vegetation

Question 23

primary productivity in the ocean

Answer 23

low, photosynthesis can only occur where light can reach in the ocean

Question 24

law of entrophy/rule of 10%

Answer 24

only 10% of energy stored in one trophic level will be passed to the next trophic level upon consumption

Question 25

positive feedback loop

Answer 25

increasing or amplifying change, cannot be reversed

Question 26

negative feedback loop

Answer 26

dampening or reversal of a condition, goes up and down in cycles