UNIT 1

Question 1

Clovis Theory (4 points)

Answer 1

-Bering Straut land bridge
- Connected Russia and Alaska
-11,000 years ago
- Backed up by DNA links between modern Native Americans and Asians

Question 2

The First Americans came from… and migrated to….

Answer 2

Asia —> South America

Question 3

Reasons why the Europeans started exploration in the 1400s? (4 reasons)

Answer 3

• Quicker way to get to the opposite side of the continent
• Quicker trading routes
• Gold and resources
• New technology

Question 4

First to start exploration? What gave them the advantage?

Answer 4

Portugal, the Caravel.

Question 5

Where did the Portuguese explore?

Answer 5

Africa, India, China

Question 6

Who began the system of colonization?

Answer 6

Christopher Columbus

Question 7

Why did Ferdinand and Isabella support Columbus? (3 reasons)

Answer 7

They were young, desperate for new land, and jealous of Portugal.

Question 8

Columbus thought he had reached … but he really ended up…

Answer 8

the Indies, the Bahamas

Question 9

What did Columbus call the Native people?

Answer 9

Taino / Indians

Question 10

Who named the Americas and discovered that it was not the Indies?

Answer 10

Amerigo Vespucci

Question 11

Who were the Conquistadors?

Answer 11

Spanish conquerors

Question 12

What did the Conquistadors do?

Answer 12

Explore and conquer parts of the Caribbean, as well as Central and South America.

Question 13

What is the Encomienda System?

Answer 13

System of forced labor in Spanish colonies

Question 14

Where was the Encomienda System used?

Answer 14

Latin America and the Philippines

Question 15

What was the point of the Encomienda System?

Answer 15

It encouraged conquest and colonization

Question 16

Columbian Exchange was the exchange of…

Answer 16

new diseases, foods, crops, animals, ideas, and populations between the “New World” and “Old World”

Question 17

When was the Columbian Exchange? (After what)?)

Answer 17

After Christopher Columbus’s voyage in 1492

Question 18

What was the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 18

An attempt to fix the Catholic Church

Question 19

Why were people mad at the Catholic Church (Relating to the Reformation- 2 reasons)

Answer 19

• accepting indulgences to get into heaven
• the Pope was too wealthy

Question 20

Who wrote a thesis against the Church? What was it called?

Answer 20

Martin Luther, the Ninety five Theses

Question 21

Why did the English take a while to start Exploration?

Answer 21

There was conflict between the Catholics and the Protestants

Question 22

Why did Henry VIII break from the church? What did he make instead?

Answer 22

He wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. He makes the Church of England (C of E)

Question 23

Why did the Pope deny Henry?

Answer 23

He was worried about breaking off the support of Spain.

Question 24

Why did England begin exploring the New World?

Answer 24

People wanted to find a place to practice their chosen faith

Question 25

When did England start exploring the New World?

Answer 25

1497

Question 26

Why did England explore the New World? (5 Reasons)

Answer 26

• Trade
• Land shortage
• Food shortages
• Competition with other European countries
• A place for the unemployed to get work

Question 27

What made the French different? (3 points)

Answer 27

• They mostly got involved in the fur trade
• not for permanent settlements/ to colonize.
• Sought out native knowledge of hunting and trapping

Question 28

Who became the dominant Naval power to dominate the exploration of the New World?

Answer 28

England!!!!

Question 29

What were the missions of the Conquistadors?

Answer 29

To Christianize and civilize the natives.

Question 30

What are the 3 G’s?

Answer 30

Gold, Glory, and God

Question 31

How were the Indigenous impacted by exploration? (Other than being treated badly- 3 reasons)

Answer 31

• Changes in tribal and religious traditions
• Alliances and rivalries developed
• Loss in population