FINAL Flashcards
Who was the Federalist Party formed around?
Alexander Hamilton
Who was the Democratic-Republican Party formed around?
Thomas Jefferson
The Feds. advocated for a future in…
Industry and manufacturing
The DRs advocated for a future in…
Agriculture
Federalists held the view that the gov’t…
needs to be in the hands of the educated and “capable”
Feds wanted a ____ national government
strong
Feds had a ___ interpretation of the Constitution
loose
DRs held the view that the gov’t…
Should include the “common man”
DRs wanted a ____ national government
Democratic
DRs had a ___ interpretation of the Constitution
strict
Hamilton wanted…
a national bank to store money and handle debts
Jefferson was against the national band because
it was not clearly authorized in the Constitution
Who were the FED and DR candidates in the Election of 1800?
Fed: Adams against DR: Jefferson
Why did Jefferson and the DRs win the Election of 1800?
they did a good job campaigning against Adams.
The Election of 1800 was also called…
“Revolution of 1800”
What year was the Missouri Compromise?
1819
What sparked the Missouri Compromise?
Missouri applied for statehood as a slave state - they wanted to keep a sectional balance (slave vs free)
The Missouri Compromise?
Missouri enter as a slave state and Maine will be made a free state
Who wrote the Monroe Doctrine and who was it for?
John Quincy Adams for President James Monroe
When was the Monroe Doctrine delivered to Congress?
December 2, 1823
What did the Monroe Doctrine state (3 points)?
- No more colonization in the Western Hemisphere by Europe
- Any interference would be interpreted as a threat to US security
- We will stay out of European affairs
Who issued the Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson
What did Andrew Jackson think the Indian Removal Act would do?
He thinks it will increase the population, wealth, and power of the state
What was the Trail of Tears?
thousands of Cherokee people were forcibly removed from their land
the South relied on…
agriculture, especially cotton plantations
The North relied on…
Industry, factories, cities
Territories gained after the Spanish-American War
Texas, and what is now California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming
Manifest Destiny is the theory that…
whites were destined by God to span the North Continent
What was manifest destiny used to “justify”?
“Justified” their removal of Native civilizations for white supremacist concepts
What is popular sovereignty:
Government based on the consent of the people
Ex. of Draft inequity
Those who were rich (such as wealthy white men) could pay their way out of getting drafted
In what ways were the African Americans discriminated against in the War?
Whites were paid much more than colored people were and they also did not have to pay for uniforms
What were Radical Republican’s views on the original reconstruction plans?
Lincoln and Johnsons’ plans for reconstruction were too soft
Radical Republicans wanted: (3 points)
- universal education and equal rights
- to confiscate land from the Confederates and redistribute it to poor white people and former slaves.
- organize the South into military zones for occupation.
the RRs controlled most of Congress by… (year)
1866
What were the Jim Crow Laws?
state and local laws that enforced racial segregation
How long did these laws last? (From __ until __)?
The 1880s until 1965
What is a Carpetbagger?
a northerner who moved to the south during the period of Reconstruction
Period of Reconstruction
1865-1877
Why did Cartbaggers do what they do?
for economic, social, and sometimes political opportunities following the civil war
What was the Southern response to 13th-15th Amendments?
Jim Crow Laws, Black Codes, and Implement poll tax
When was the Gilded Age? (From __ to ___)
1876-1900
The Gilded Age encouraged civilizations to go from farming to…
Industrialization
Keys of the Gilded Age (4 points)
- Industrial Revolution
- Natural Resources(oil and steel)
- Gov’t support for business
- Immigration-cheap labor
Thomas Edison made electricity- when did he do that?
1880
The Gilded Age gave us steel- what were its uses?
development of railroads, bridges, and skyscrapers
Were the Robber Barons legit?
Sometimes they were, sometimes they weren’t.
What sketchy things did Robber Barons do? (3 points)
- Paying employee’s inadequate salaries
- Driving competitors out of business
- Monopolizing certain industries to control the market and prices
Who were Robber Barons
industrialists who amassed huge fortunes by business practices
Who mass-produced steel?
Andrew Carnegie
Who mass-produced oil?
John D. Rockefeller(Standard Oil Co.)
What was “Social Darwinism”?
application of Darwin’s theory of evolution of society-some people will succeed, some won’t naturally
When was Plessy vs. Ferguson?
1896
What was Plessy vs. Ferguson? What’d it decide?
A South Carolina case where the court decided that separate facilities for African Americans were legal so long as they were equal
Freedmen’s Bureau disbanded in…
1872
Why did Freedmens Buerau fail in the end?
Not enough funding or leadership to be successful in the long-term (Were given money that’d last them an entire week in the war but for an entire year)
Between 1870-1920 how many Europeans immigrated to the US?
approx 20 million Europeans
Before 1890, most of the immigrants were from…
western and northern Europe.
After 1890, most of the immigrants were from…
eastern and southern Europe.
Why did immigrants come to America?
They were looking for jobs, land, and were often escaping from anti-Semitism.
Between __ and __ about 300,000 Chinese arrived to the US from
1851 and 1883
What were 3 major processing centers for immigrants?
Ellis Island, NYC, and Angel Island in San Francisco
What 3 kinds of checks happened at processing centers?
- health checks
- criminal background checks
- checks to see if they could support themselves and or were fit to work.
