Unit 1 Flashcards
What is oxygen used for?
To release energy from food substances
What is excretion and an example?
Removal of wastes that body produce. I.e urinating
What is absorption and an example?
The passage of substances through specific membranes.
I.e glucose into the blood
What is movement?
Change in an organism’s position or location. I.e a beating heart
What is circulation?
Movement of substances with the body in body fluids
-Movement of oxygen and glucose in blood.
What is responsiveness?
An organism’s ability to sense changes and react to said changes. I.e responding to the trajectory of a hit ball
What is digestion?
The process of chemically and mechanically breaking down food.
What is respiration?
The process of obtaining oxygen, using the oxygen, and removing carbon dioxide.
What is growth?
Increase in body size. I.e getting taller
What is assimilation?
The changing of absorbed substances. Food is converted into vitamins, minerals, and other chemicals.
What is reproduction?
Process of making a new individual.
What are the 5 requirements of organisms?
Water, food, oxygen, heat, and pressure.
Water
Required for many metabolic processes. Transports substances within organisms. Import to regulate body temp.
Food
Contains glucose which provided the body with energy.
Oxygen
Used to release energy from food. The energy drives metabolic processes.
-required for respiration
Heat
Form of energy. Product of metabolic reactions.
Pressure
Pressure is important in breathing. The heart produces blood pressure which forces blood through blood vessels.
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Define anatomy
The study of structure of the human body.
Define physiology
The study of how the human body works.
What is negative feedback
Response in the opposite direction.
How does the body cool itself down.
-blood vessels dialate
-breath faster
-sweat
-heart pumps faster
How does the body warm itself
-muscles involuntarily contract
-blood vessels constrict
How does the body respond to high blood pressure?
The brains detects this, and signals the heart to decrease action, which decreases pressure.
How does the body respond if blood pressure is low?
The brain detects this and signals the heart to contract more rapidly and with more force, increasing pressure.
4 kinds of tissue
-connective tissue
-nervous tissue
-muscle tissue
-epithelial tissue
What are the 4 main elements the body is made up of?
-carbon
-nitrogen
-hydrogen
-oxygen
