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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Greek root “ectasis”

A

Dilation/expansion

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2
Q

Greek root “pathy”

A

Disease

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3
Q

Greek root “lysis”

A

Disintegration

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4
Q

Greek root “ectopia”

A

Displacement

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5
Q

Greek root “sclerosis”

A

Hardening

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6
Q

Greek root “itis”

A

Inflammation

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7
Q

Greek root “stenosis”

A

Narrowing

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8
Q

Greek root “plegia”

A

Paralysis

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9
Q

Greek root “emia”

A

Presence of blood

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10
Q

Greek root “rrhexis”

A

Rupture

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11
Q

Greek root “uria”

A

Substance in urine

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12
Q

Greek root “edema”

A

Swelling

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13
Q

Greek root “oma”

A

Tumor / mass

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14
Q

Greek root “osis”

A

Unusual / diseased

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15
Q

Greek root “epi”

A

Above

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16
Q

Greek root “endo”

A

Inside / within

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17
Q

“Arthro”

A

Joint

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18
Q

“Rhino”

A

Nose

19
Q

“Masto”

A

Breast

20
Q

“Gastro”

A

Stomach

21
Q

“Derma”

A

Skin

22
Q

“Stoma”

A

Mouth

23
Q

what is homeostasis?

A

maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in the environment

24
Q

what are some neural reflexes & describe them

A

-withdrawal (protective reflex)
-baroreceptor (regulates blood pressure)
-stretch (regulates posture)
-chemoreceptor (regulates breathing)

25
Q

list the order of feedback control in homeostasis & describe each step

A

-variable = what’s being maintained in homeostatic balance
-stimulus = produces change in variable
-receptor = detects change & responds to stimuli
-input = info sent along afferent pathway to control center (determines appropriate response)
-output = info sent along efferent pathway to effector (provides means to respond)
-response = effector feeds back to reduce effect of the stimulus (neg feedback) or increase the effect (pos feedback)

26
Q

what is negative feedback? + example

A

-reduces the effect of stimulus
-returns body to homeostasis
-ex: pulling hand (withdrawal) away from hot stove

27
Q

what is positive feedback? +example

A

-controls processes that occur infrequently (rare)
-response temporarily increases the original stimulus & moves the variable away from set point
-ex: oxytocin stimulates contractions for child birth, they increase in intensity & frequency

28
Q

what is afferent pathway?

A

towards the brain

29
Q

what is efferent pathway?

A

exiting the brain

30
Q

what is the point of serous membranes? & describe each one

A

-they prevent friction between the organ & body cavity wall
-parietal = membrane that lines the body cavity
-visceral = membrane that lines the organ

31
Q

what is the lung lining called?

A

pleura

32
Q

what is the heart lining called?

A

pericardium

33
Q

what is the abdomen lining called?

A

peritoneum

34
Q

describe integumentary organ system & list 3 organs in it

A

-forms external body covering
-protects from injury
-synthesis of vitamin D
-sweat & oil glands & cutaneous receptors
-skin, hair & nails

35
Q

describe the skeletal system & list 3 organs in it

A

-(bones) protects & supports body
-framework for muscles
-blood cell formation
-mineral storage
-bones, cartilage, tendons

36
Q

describe the muscular system & list 3 organs in it

A

-allows manipulation of environment
-locomotion & facial expression
-maintains posture & produces heat
-muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerves

37
Q

describe the nervous system & list 3 organs in it

A

-control system of the body
-responds to internal & external changes
-brain, spinal cord, nerves

38
Q

describe the endocrine system & list 3 organs in it

A

-glands secrete hormones that regulate body processes
-hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland

39
Q

describe the cardiovascular system & list 3 organs in it

A

-blood vessels transport blood
-carries O2,CO2, nutrients, waste
-heart pumps blood
-heart, veins, arteries

40
Q

describe the lymphatic system & list 3 organs in it

A

-immunity
-picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels & returns it to blood
-houses WBCs
-bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen

41
Q

describe the respiratory system & list 3 organs in it

A

-keeps blood supplied with O2
-removes CO2
-lungs, trachea, diaphragm

42
Q

describe the digestive system & list 3 organs in it

A

-breaks down food
-absorbs nutrients
-eliminates feces
-pharynx (throat), stomach, small & large intestines

43
Q

describe the urinary system & list 3 organs in it

A

-eliminated nitrogenous wastes from the body
-regulates H2O, electrolyte & acid-base balance of the blood
-kidneys, bladder, ureters

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (5 decks)

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