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Marine Science > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

About _____ of the earth’s surface is covered by the ocean.

A

71%

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2
Q

_____ of our protein comes from the ocean.

A

20%

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3
Q

Most medicine comes from _____.

A

Land

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4
Q

What are the sources of Medicines and Drugs in the ocean?

A

Poppies-Foxgloves-Willows PFW

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5
Q

What can be made from Poppies?

A

Morphine-Codeine PMC

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6
Q

What can be made from Foxglove?

A

Digitalis (Heart Medicine) FD

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7
Q

What can be made from Willow?

A

Asprin WA

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8
Q

Scientists believe that lowly marine creatures such as _____, _____, _____, and _____ can be a source of a number of medications.

A

Algae-Sponges-Urchins-Snails ASUS

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9
Q

Define Sessile

A

Does not move—stays in one place.

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10
Q

Define Invertebrate

A

Has no backbone.

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11
Q

What are the common forms of renewable energy?

A

Solar Power-Wind Power-Geothermal Power-Hydroelectric Power SWGH

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12
Q

You have learned that _____ of the world’s population lives within _____ miles of an ocean.

A

30%-60

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13
Q

How is the energy from waves generated?

A

Energy of surface waves is captured and converted into electricity.

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14
Q

What are the benefits of the energy derived from waves?

A

No harmful gas, created by unequal heating or gravitational attraction therefore unlimited. GU

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15
Q

What are the drawbacks of the energy derived from waves?

A

Not very attractive, impact on ecosystem not known, potential noise pollution. AEN (Attractive-Ecosystem-Noise)

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16
Q

How is the energy from tides generated?

A

The gravitational pull of the moon and the sun along with the rotation of the earth cause the tides.

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17
Q

What are the benefits of energy derived from tides?

A

Same as energy from waves.

18
Q

What are the drawbacks of energy derived from tides?

A

Impact on estuary plants and animals, increased turbidity of water, impacts navigation. ETN

19
Q

Define Aquaculture

A

The farming of aquatic animals or plants principally for food. It includes the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and plants in fresh and saltwater environments. BRH

20
Q

More than half of our seafood is consumed by _____.

A

Humans

21
Q

_____ produces 60% of all farmed seafood.

A

China

22
Q

What are the benefits of aquaculture?

A

Can be a solution to the world’s food insecurity problem-Highly efficient compared to land-based protein. IE

23
Q

What are the drawbacks of aquaculture?

A

Overfishing of key species-Fish waste, nutrients, antibiotics, and invasive species. OW

24
Q

What are the risks of open water net-pen aquaculture?

A

Invasive Species-Drugs-Escape-Fish Waste-New Diseases/Parasites. IDEWD

25
Q

Define Invasive Species

A

If nonnative species are raised in net pens, it could lead to introductions of invasive species into the open waters of the Great Lakes.

26
Q

Define Drugs

A

The addition of antibiotics and growth hormones releases them directly into the Great Lakes where they affect wild fish health and public drinking water supplies.

27
Q

Define Escape

A

Escaped fish compete with wild fish for land, disrupt their natural reproduction, and can interfere with their genetic diversity.

28
Q

Define Fish Waste

A

Concentrated amount of fish waste in a small area.

29
Q

Define New Diseases

A

Crowded fish cages are breeding ground for diseases and parasites that could spread from caged fish to wild populations.

30
Q

The ocean contains a complex combination of _____, _____, _____, and _____ processes that sometimes result in commercially viable forms of a wide range of minerals.

A

Physical-Chemical-Biological-Geological PCBG

31
Q

Interest in deep sea metals is largely due to depleting terrestrial deposits for metals such as _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, and ______.

A

Copper-Nickel-Aluminum-Manganese-Zinc-Lithium-Cobalt CNAMZLC

32
Q

A country’s exclusive economic zones extends _____ off your designated coast.

A

200 nautical miles.

33
Q

What are some reasons we should mine the ocean floor?

A

Improve the economies of developing nations-Decrease impact at land-based mining operations-It’s in your EEZ, it’s yours. ELY

34
Q

What are the impacts of mining the ocean floor?

A

Destroys the sea floor-Eliminates organisms we don’t even know about-Very expensive. DEE

35
Q

What technologies are used for deep-sea mining?

A

Continuous Line Bucket System- Hydraulic Suction Systems CLB HSS

36
Q

Define The Great Pacific Garbage Patch

A

The largest of 5 offshore plastic accumulation zones in the world’s oceans; it’s located halfway between Hawaii and California

37
Q

There are 4 types of plastic sizes that are found in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Which plastic has the highest object count in the patch?

A

The 4 plastic types are microplastics, mesoplastics, macroplastics, and megaplastics; according to the model, 94% of the object count is represented by microplastics.

38
Q

What is the saying for unit measurements?

A

King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk

39
Q

What are the measurements for the basic units?

A

Meters-Liters-Grams MLG

40
Q

The _____ is always your independent variable and the _____ is the dependent variable.

A

X-Axis/Y-Axis

41
Q

How to figure out how many units each tick mark should be?

A

Range of Data/ Number of Lines (ALWAYS ROUND UP)

Marine Science (8 decks)

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