UNDF - Reproductive

Question 1

Answer 1

= D) Thelarche, Pubarche, Growth spurt, Menarche

Question 2

What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea besides pregnancy?

• A) Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea
• B) Hypothyroidism
• C) Pituitary compression or destruction
• D) Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
• E) Pregnancy

Answer 2

= A) Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea

Question 3

Answer 3

= A) Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 4

Answer 4

= A) Aortic aneurysm

Question 5

A 40 year old male presents with skin hematoma on the middle shaft of the penis. On further questioning he admits that he injured his penis while it was erect but will not give any more information.

Which diagnosis should be of most concern?

• A) Chronic liver failure
• B) Coagulopathy
• C) HIV
• D) Rupture of penile vein
• E) Rupture of tunica albuginea

Answer 5

= E) Rupture of tunica albuginea

Question 6

A 36 year old female presents with infertility. She complains of having had dull pelvic pain for 18 months, which is accentuated during menstruation. Physical examination and endocrinologic studies are normal. Laparoscopy reveals multiple, small haemorrhagic lesions over the surface of both ovaries and fallopian tubes and abundant pelvic scarring. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Borderline serous tumour
• B) Ectopic pregnancy
• C) Endometriosis
• D) Metastatic cervical carcinoma
• E) Pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 6

= C) Endometriosis

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

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Question 10

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Question 11

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Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

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Question 14

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Question 15

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Question 16

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Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Essay answer

Answer 18

(0.5 marks per answer, to a max of 3 marks PPH)

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

• It is recognised that prostate cancer has a high prevalence among the male population, and hence a screening program with an accurate test could be justified.
• However, it is also recognised that the vast majority of men with prostate cancer die from an unrelated cause WITH rather than OF prostate cancer.
• Acceptable treatment - the tx has a high risk of complications (impotence, retrograde ejaculation, incontinence).
• Unnecessarily large burden on the health care system if abnormal PSA results are investigated
• Recognisable latent or early symptomatic stage - sx of prostate cancer may be the same as BPH, both can lead to a raised PSA result
• PSA has low specificity = false positives + unnecessary diagnostic testing
• PPV of PSA is low = over diagnosis

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22