Understanding pathophysiology CH2 Flashcards
WHERE IS THE SODIUM WHEN THE CELL IS AT REST?
When the neuron is at rest, most of the sodium is in the extracellular fluid.
WHAT HAPPENS TO SODIUM DURING NEURON SIGNALLING?
During neuron signalling, sodium moves into the cell (across the cell membrane)
WHAT HAPPENS TO SODIUM AT THE END OF NEURON SIGNALLING?
Towards the end of neuron signalling, an essential feature is the removal of the excess sodium from the cell.
HOW DOES CARBONDIOXIDE EXIT THE CELL?
carbon dioxide exiting the cell via the blood and extracellular fluid
WHAT HAPPENS TO BACTERIA?
The immune cell engulfs or consumes the bacteria and, once inside, the cell destroys the bacteria.
WHAT IS THE TOTAL BODY WATER PERCENTAGE OF A PERSON?
60% of the body
WHAT IS THE BODY PERCENTAGE OF EXTRACELLULAR FLUID?
1/3 of the Total body water
WHAT IS THE BODY PERCENTAGE OF INTERCELLULAR FLUID?
2/3 of the Total body water
WHAT IS THE BODY PERCENTAGE OF PLASMA?
1/4 of the Extra cellular fluid
WHAT IS THE BODY PERCENTAGE OF INTERSTITIAL FLUID?
3/4 of the Extra cellular fluid
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN HOMEOSTASIS CAT BE MAINTAINED?
An inability to maintain homeostasis leads to pathophysiology.
WHAT HAPPENS DURING EXSTENISIVE FLUCTUATIONS OF HOMEOSTASIS?
Minor fluctuations in conditions are corrected locally, but if fluctuations become more extensive, the nervous system coordinates regulation.
HOW IS THE PAIN REFLEX MONITORED?
The pain reflex is mediated by the spinal cord to allow fast withdrawal from damaging conditions, which assists in maintaining normal functions
Explain what homeostasis means?
Homeostasis, as currently defined, is a self-regulating process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing external conditions.
State why the local environment surrounding the cell is so important in homeostasis?
permits the organism to maintain desirable conditions for cells to function, despite external factors operating to disrupt or destroy homeostatic balance.
