UMN and LMN differences

Question 1

UMN Location

Answer 1

CNS, above anterior horn

Question 2

LMN Location

Answer 2

PNS, at or below anterior horn

Question 3

UMN structures

Answer 3

Cortex, brainstem, SC, corticospinal tract

Question 4

LMN structures

Answer 4

CN, SC

Question 5

UMN disorders

Answer 5

CVA, MS, SCI, TBI

Question 6

LMN Disorders

Answer 6

GBS, peripheral neuropathy, radiculopathy, poliovirus

Question 7

UMN Tone

Answer 7

Hypertonic, velocity dependent, might be decreased tone in acute phase due to spinal shock.

Question 8

LMN Tone

Answer 8

hypotonic (decreased tone), Flaccid (absent tone) not velocity dependent.

Question 9

UMN reflexes

Answer 9

Hyperreflexia, positive clonus and Babinski

Question 10

hyporeflexia

Answer 10

decreased reflexes

Question 11

UMN involuntary movements

Answer 11

muscle spasms, spasticity w/ flexors or extensors.

Question 12

LMN involuntary movements

Answer 12

with denervated neurons-fasciculations.

Question 13

UMN strength

Answer 13

weakness in all muscle groups
CVA: weakness or paralysis on 1 side of body
SCI-weakness or paralysis on 1 side or both sides, depending on location and type of injury
Corticospinal tract injury-C/L if above medulla, I/L if below

Question 15

LMN Strength

Answer 15

segmental or focal pattern loss
radiculopathy-specific myotome weakness
polyneuropathy -initially distal muscle, progress to proximal muscle
mononeuropathy-muscle impacted from 1 nerve (carpal tunnel syndrome)