Ultratrace Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the symptom of molybdenum toxicity?

A

gout

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2
Q

What is the symptom of molybdenum deficiency?

A

neurologic symptoms

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3
Q

What are some good sources of molybdenum?

A

legumes, whole grains, dairy, dark leafy veggies

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4
Q

What is the main function of molybdenum?

A

cofactor/metalloenzyme

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5
Q

Who is at risk for manganese toxicity?

A

people with liver failure, newborns and miners inhaling vapors

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of manganese toxicity?

A

liver and brain damage, neurologic abnormalities, memory impairment

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of manganese deficiency?

A

dermatitis, decreased growth of hair and nails, change in hair color, weight loss, convulsions, sterility

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8
Q

What are some sources of manganese?

A

whole grains, legumes, nuts, coffee, tea

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9
Q

What is the daily requirement for manganese?

A

men: 2.3 mg/day
women: 1.8 mg/day

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10
Q

Where is manganese found in the body?

A

mitochondria, cofactor

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11
Q

Which is an indicator of an iodine deficiency?

A

goiter

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12
Q

How many iodine molecules are part of thyroxine?

A

4

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13
Q

How many iodine molecules are part of triiodothyronine?

A

3

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of iodine toxicity?

A

nausea, vomiting, burning of mouth and throat, diarrhea, fever, goiter, hyper or hypothyroidism

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15
Q

Who’s at risk for iodine deficiency?

A

developing nations

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of iodine deficiency?

A

goiter, cretinism (in utero deficiency), poor cognition (kids)

17
Q

What are proteins in food that bind iodine, prohibiting absorption?

A

goitrogens

18
Q

What are some good sources of iodine?

A

seafood, iodized salt, dairy, fruits and veggies

19
Q

What is iodine required for?

A

synthesis of T4 and T3

20
Q

What are good sources of chromium?

A

yeast, oysters, liver, potatoes

21
Q

Chromium is involved with secretion of what?

A

insulin

22
Q

What are symptoms of chromium toxicity?

A

skin lesions, cancer

23
Q

What are symptoms of chromium deficiency?

A

insulin resistance, high plasma free fatty acid concentrations

24
Q

What are some functions of chromium?

A

insulin action

25
Q

Does selenium element behave as an antioxidant in vivo?

A

no

26
Q

Which is your best source of selenium?

A

brazil nuts

27
Q

Which selenium, deficiency is associated with cardiomyopathy?

A

Keshan’s disease

28
Q

What are symptoms of selenium toxicity?

A

hair and nail brittleness, tooth decay, GI upset, mutagenic, can be lethal

29
Q

Selenium has an increased risk of what?

A

Type 2 diabetes

30
Q

Selenium decreases the risk of what?

A

prostate cancer

31
Q

Who is at risk for selenium deficiency?

A

chinese and mongolians

32
Q

What is the disease associated with selenium deficiency and possibly a virus?

A

Kashin-Beck disease

33
Q

What are symptoms of selenium deficiency?

A

stiffness, swelling and pain in finger joints, osteoarthritis

34
Q

What is the disease associated with selenium deficiency and Coxsackie virus?

A

Keshan’s disease

35
Q

What are sympoms of Keshan’s disease?

A

cardiomyopathy in children and women

36
Q

What are good sources of selenium?

A

BRAZIL NUTS, seafood, meat, whole grains

37
Q

Selenium content is highly dependent on what?

A

soil content

38
Q

What is the function of selenium?

A

cofactor