Ultratrace Minerals Flashcards
What is the symptom of molybdenum toxicity?
gout
What is the symptom of molybdenum deficiency?
neurologic symptoms
What are some good sources of molybdenum?
legumes, whole grains, dairy, dark leafy veggies
What is the main function of molybdenum?
cofactor/metalloenzyme
Who is at risk for manganese toxicity?
people with liver failure, newborns and miners inhaling vapors
What are the symptoms of manganese toxicity?
liver and brain damage, neurologic abnormalities, memory impairment
What are the symptoms of manganese deficiency?
dermatitis, decreased growth of hair and nails, change in hair color, weight loss, convulsions, sterility
What are some sources of manganese?
whole grains, legumes, nuts, coffee, tea
What is the daily requirement for manganese?
men: 2.3 mg/day
women: 1.8 mg/day
Where is manganese found in the body?
mitochondria, cofactor
Which is an indicator of an iodine deficiency?
goiter
How many iodine molecules are part of thyroxine?
4
How many iodine molecules are part of triiodothyronine?
3
What are the symptoms of iodine toxicity?
nausea, vomiting, burning of mouth and throat, diarrhea, fever, goiter, hyper or hypothyroidism
Who’s at risk for iodine deficiency?
developing nations
What are the symptoms of iodine deficiency?
goiter, cretinism (in utero deficiency), poor cognition (kids)
What are proteins in food that bind iodine, prohibiting absorption?
goitrogens
What are some good sources of iodine?
seafood, iodized salt, dairy, fruits and veggies
What is iodine required for?
synthesis of T4 and T3
What are good sources of chromium?
yeast, oysters, liver, potatoes
Chromium is involved with secretion of what?
insulin
What are symptoms of chromium toxicity?
skin lesions, cancer
What are symptoms of chromium deficiency?
insulin resistance, high plasma free fatty acid concentrations
What are some functions of chromium?
insulin action
Does selenium element behave as an antioxidant in vivo?
no
Which is your best source of selenium?
brazil nuts
Which selenium, deficiency is associated with cardiomyopathy?
Keshan’s disease
What are symptoms of selenium toxicity?
hair and nail brittleness, tooth decay, GI upset, mutagenic, can be lethal
Selenium has an increased risk of what?
Type 2 diabetes
Selenium decreases the risk of what?
prostate cancer
Who is at risk for selenium deficiency?
chinese and mongolians
What is the disease associated with selenium deficiency and possibly a virus?
Kashin-Beck disease
What are symptoms of selenium deficiency?
stiffness, swelling and pain in finger joints, osteoarthritis
What is the disease associated with selenium deficiency and Coxsackie virus?
Keshan’s disease
What are sympoms of Keshan’s disease?
cardiomyopathy in children and women
What are good sources of selenium?
BRAZIL NUTS, seafood, meat, whole grains
Selenium content is highly dependent on what?
soil content
What is the function of selenium?
cofactor
