Uge 37 - Morfologi og opbygning Flashcards

1
Q

Koch’s Postulates

A
  1. The organism must be observed in every case of the disease.
  2. It must be isolated and grown in pure culture.
  3. The pure culture must, when inoculated into a susceptible animal, reproduce the disease.
  4. The organism must be observed in, and recovered from, the experimental animal.
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2
Q

Gram-negative bacteria

A

Ydre membran med proteiner og LPS

Tynd cellevæg af peptidoglykan

Indre cytoplasmisk membran

Periplasmic rum

Farves for det meste lyserød til gram farvning

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3
Q

Gram-positive bacteria

A

Tyk cellevæg af peptidoglykan

Cytoplasmic membran

Indeholder teichoic acid

Farves lille ved gramfarvning

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4
Q

Primære patogen

A

Foresager sygdom uafhængig af tilstanen af værtens immunsystem og mikrobiom

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5
Q

Opportunistisk patogen

A

Foresager sygdom i svækkede individer

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6
Q

Endogen overførsel

A

Noget der er en del af værtens eget mikrobiom

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7
Q

Exogen overførsel

A

Smittet fra andet individ - ekstern kilde

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8
Q

kokkus

A

Runde celler

  • parformet

-kædeformet

-Drueformet

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9
Q

Baciller

A

Aflange celler

  • kommaformet
  • spiral
  • filmentøse
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10
Q

Obligate patogene

A

Kræver sygdom for at viderføre sig

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11
Q

Obligate parasitter

A

Kræver mennesker for at viderfører sig

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12
Q

Exotoxin

A

Frigives af levende celler som led i patogenesen

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13
Q

Endotoksin

A

Frigives når cellen dør og aktivere makrifager. Dette er blandt andet LPS fra Gram-

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14
Q

Mycobakterier

A

Der laves syrefarvning i stedet for gramfarvning

Forårsager blandt andet tuberkulose

Kovalent bundet peptidoglycan til arabinoglactan som binder mycolinsyre

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15
Q

Transformation

A

Overførsel af frigivet DNA

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16
Q

Transduction

A

Overførsel af DNA via bakteriofag

17
Q

Konjugation

A

Direkte overførsel af DNA mellem celler

18
Q

F-plasmid

A

Fungere som plasmid, men kan også intergrerende sig i genomet og gøre dette til et plasmid. Dele kan nu overføres til andre bakterier via F-pili

19
Q

Transposons

A

Mobilt DNA stykke omgivet af TIR elementer. Kan flyttes ellem genom og plasmid. Indeholder ofte antibiotikaresistens