UE Myology and More Clinical boxes Flashcards
winging of the scapula is a result of?
what can’t you do with a winged scapula?
paralysis of serratus anterior m. (usually due to long thoracic N injury)
aBduct upper limb beyond horizontal position
what are the rotator cuff muscles?
which jt do they offer stability to?
which muscle is most commonly injured?
- infraspinatous m., supraspinatous m., subscapularis m., teres minor m., (SITS)
- glenohumeral jt
- supraspinatous
bicipital myotactic reflex
- where do you see it?
- if you don’t see it, what could be injured?
- when you strike thumb over bicipital tendon with reflex hammer, you should see tendon tighten and forearm flex
- if no reflex, could have musculocutaneous N or C5 and C6 anterior rami injury
biceps tendinitis occurs due to?
popeye deformity occurs due to?
- from repetitive movement of long head of biceps through intertubercular groove –> susceptible to inflamm. (might hear crepitus too)
- popeye deformity: long head tendon dislocates from groove or seperates from supraglenoid tubercle –> balling of mid arm
what are the three spaces on the posterior shoulder?
quadrangular space, triangular space, triangular interval
triangular space
muscles?
arteries, veins?
M: teres minor m., teres major m., long head of triceps brachii m.
A & V: circumflex scapular A and V
quadrangular space
muscles, arteries, veins, nerves?
M: teres minor m., teres major m., long and lateral heads of triceps brachii m.
A & V: posterior humeral circumflex A and V
N: axillary N
triangular interval
muscles, arteries, veins, nerves?
M: teres major m., long and lateral heads of triceps brachii m.
A & V: deep brachial A and V
N: radial N
elbow tendinitis/tennis elbow when?
lateral epicondylitis occurs when?
- superficial extensor ms of forearm are repetitively used –> pain over lateral epicondyle and down posterior forearm
- periosteum of lateral humeral epicondyle gets strained due to repeated extension and flexion of wrist
anatomical snuff box
muscles, arteries, nerves?
M: abductor pollicis longus m., extensor pollicis brevis m., extensor pollicis longus m.
A: radial A (deep to tendon)
N: superficial radial N
nerve, jt, muscle involved in thumb opposition?
injury to nerve results in?
- median N or recurrent branch of median N, carpometacarpal jt of thumb, opponens pollicis m
- can’t oppose thumb (usually due to injury to palm, even a superficial one)
5 functional positions of hand?
- power grip
- hook grip
- precision handling grip
- pinching
- position of rest (inactive position)
why are rotator cuff muscles important?
keep humeral head in glenoid cavity and help you raise your arm
what’s the extensor expansion/hood, mechanism of action, importance in hand function?
- extensor digitorum tendon flatten as they reach metacarpals and and become hood
- contraction of the extensor digitorum muscle tightens tendon which acts on hoods –> extends the fingers.
retinacula of UE? how do they assist in muscular actions?
flexor retinaculum: connective tissue that forms roof of carpal tunnel, protects structures w/in
extensor retinaculum: holds tendons of extensor tendons in place
supraspinatus impingement syndrome leads to what?
- tendonitis of supraspinatous muscle or bursa under acromion
power grip, hook grip, and pinching require what type of muscles?
extrinsic (fleshy bellies distant from hand)
precision handling grip, and position of rest require what type of muscles?
intrinsic (muscles closer to hand)
what is region 1 of axillary A susceptible to? why?
- aneurysm in ppl who do fast repeated arm movements (baseball pitchers)
- compresses brachial plexus –> pain and loss of sensation
where must you ligate for the arm to receive no blood?
distal to subscapular A bc no anastomoses past that point for arm
what veins dump blood into axillary V?
basilic V and cephalic V
what is the acupuncture V? why?
medial cubital V bc it’s superficial to bicipital aponeurosis, which protects structures under it
what lymph nodes are frequently invaded by cancer cells?
axillary lymph nodes
*breast cancer usually spreads to axillary lymph nodes in armpits
