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MSK Exam 1 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

How does the sperm get through corona radiata?

A
  1. tail of sperm disrupt cells
  2. release hyaluronidase
  3. tubal mucosal proteins
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2
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

2/3 of ampula , day 0

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3
Q

These enzymes are required during fertilization to penetrate the Z. pellucida?

A

acrosin, esterases, neuraminidase

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4
Q

What event blocks polyspermy?

A

Zona reaction?

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5
Q

Why is mitochondria always maternally inherited?

A

b/c mitochondria of sperm does not go in egg

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6
Q

What day the morula moves into the uterus?

A

Day 4

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7
Q

Zona pellucida is gone by which day?

A

Day 7

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8
Q

Difference between trophoblast cells and inner cell mass?

A

trophoblast is stem cell for placenta

inner cell mass is embryo stem cell

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9
Q

What secretes hCG and where is that tissue derived from ?

A
  1. synctiotrophoblast

2. trophoblast

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10
Q

Hyatidiform moles are caused by abnormal proliferation of the cells that give rise to cytotrophoblast?

A

trophoblast

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11
Q

What leads to choriocarinomas?

A

undetected hyatidiform mole

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12
Q

Hypoblast is placeholder for ?

A

true endoderm

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13
Q

EPIBLAST gives rise to ?

A

amnion, amniotic cavity, ECtoderm

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14
Q

What does the prechordal plate give rise to? What is it derived from?

A
  1. future mouth

2. from extra-embryonic endoderm

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15
Q

Which two derivates of extra embryonic mesoderm is made up of extra embryonic somatic mesoderm?

A
  1. chorion

2. connecting stalk

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16
Q

Primitive blood is made up of what type of extraembryonic mesoderm?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

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17
Q

What would not develop of the yolk sac failed to develop?

A

primitive blood would not form

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18
Q

Where do ectopic pregnancies commonly occur?

A

Isthmus and ampulla

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19
Q

Where does placenta implant for placenta previa?

A

interna os

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20
Q

Placenta previa marginal?

A

close to the opening

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21
Q

Placenta previa partial?

A

partially covering internal opening

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22
Q

Placenta previa total?

A

covers internal os COMPLETELY

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23
Q

Patients with placenta previa are susceptible to ______?

A

hemorrhage

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24
Q

Both cloacal membrane and precordial plate are made up of what type of germ layers?

A

endoderm and ectoderm

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25
Q

Septum transversum is made up of what type of germ layer?

26
Q

What structure develops into the diaphragm?

A

septum transversum

27
Q

What is the cause of sacral coccygeal teratoma?

A

persistence of primitive streak in the tail region of embryo

28
Q

What is the cause of oropharyngeal teratomas?

A

abnormal migration of primordial germ cells

29
Q

What is the template for the verterbral column?

A

Notochord (Mesoderm)

30
Q

What is the template for umbilical arteries and veins?

A

Allantois (endoderm)

31
Q

Lateral plate of mesoderm gives rise to?

A

rise to connective tissue

32
Q

Intermediate mesoderm gives rise to ?

A

urogenital structures

33
Q

paraxial mesoderm gives rise to ?

A

muscle, skeletal, dermis

34
Q

What are the embryonic tissues?

A

the three germ layers

35
Q

Deficiency in SHH would hinder the development of what structure in week 3?

A

the neural tube / neural crest

36
Q

Somatopleure is made up of what two layers?

A

somatic mesoderm + ectoderm

37
Q

Splanchnopleure is made up of what two layers ?

A

endoderm + splanchnic layer

38
Q

Primary neurulation results in what structures?

A

LUMBAR spinal cord and brain

39
Q

Secondary neurulation results in what structures?

A

Sacral and Coccyx of spinal cord

40
Q

Spinal ganglion and schwann cells are derived from?

A

Neural CREST

41
Q

C cells of thyroid are derived from?

A

Neural CREST

42
Q

Enamel and skin pigment is derived from ?

A

Neural CREST

43
Q

What is the pathology of newborns with cleft lift palate?

A

defects from embryonic neural crest cell lineage.

NEUROCRISTOPATHY

44
Q

The veterbrae are derived from what germ layer?

45
Q

Tuft of hair seen in spina bifida occulta is derived from what germ layer?

46
Q

Bidid spinous process and lack of motor or sensory defecits are characteristics of ?

A

spina bifida OCCULTA

47
Q

Lack of vertebral arches and bulging meninges are characteristic of ?

A

meningocele

48
Q

Frontal encepahlocele would be due to defect in closure of which neuropore?

49
Q

Cervical meningocele would be due to defect in closure of which neuropore?

50
Q

What is derived from the meningeal mesenchyme? What type of cells is it made up of?

A
  1. Dura, arachinoid and pia mater

2. neural crest and mesoderm

51
Q

Gonads and kidney are derived from?

A

Intermediate mesoderm

52
Q

Liver and thyroid are dervied from?

53
Q

lens of eye and skin are made from ?

54
Q

skeletal muscle is derived from?

A

paraxial mesoderm

55
Q

connective tissue is derived from ?

A

lateral mesoderm

56
Q

spleen and blood is derived from ?

A

lateral mesoderm

57
Q

bronchi and lungs are derived from ?

58
Q

lymph is derived from ?

A

lateral mesoderm

59
Q

dermis is derived from ?

A

intermediate mesoderm

60
Q

Scleratome is the precursor for what cells ?

A

Meninx primitiva for the meninges

MSK Exam 1 (12 decks)

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