u8: fluid and electrolyte balance Flashcards
na balance
controls bp and V
aldosterone
up na reabsorption and k secretion
k is mostly affected by this
RAAS
renin-aldosterone- angiotensin system
keeps water and salt in
ANP
triggered by increase blood volume
blocks renin, aldosterone, adh
makes you pee more salt and water (lowers pressure)
increased k+ in blood=
inc aldosterone, inc k secretion
down k secretion is acidosis and leads to hyperkalemia
up vasoconstriction=
more AQP2, adds water channels= reabsorbs more water
more adh present=
more water saved= concentrated urine
thirst= up vasopressin to drink,
dehydration: baroreceptor
down blood v and p
less stretch, up sns, down gfr, which result in save water
up adh (reabsorb water)
up osmolarity
dehydration
down bp= trigger baroreceptor reflex (secretion of vasopressin, up thirst)
vasocon of afferent
increase gfr
bowman
proximal tube
bottom of loop of h
collecting duct
300
300
1200 or equal to filtrate in distal collecting duct
1200
up ISF osmolarity
NaCl reab in ascending, urea, ADH (vasopressin), low bp, impearmebility of water in ascending
how to fix low ph
breath faster (blow off co2= ph up)
buffers
hco3
secrete h in urine via h-atpase (since lots)
hypoventilation vs hyperventilation (ph)
up H secretion, but up biocarbonate reabsorption (makes sense, more basic) this is acidosis
opp (alkalosis)
causes resp acidosis vs alkalosis
and what if metabolic
cause hypovent
usually fixed by h excreted (ph of urine buffered)
cause hypervent
if metabolic- acidosis same (but cuase is exercise, diabetes, diar
alk cause: excessive vomiting. reducing rate of resp can help (less co2 reabsorption, less h secretion)
where is water faculately reabsorbed
distal (inner medula) collecting duct
distal convoluted tubule
metabolic
angiotensin
down= down aldosterone
carbonic andyhydrase
helps with A/B control.
found in tubular cells
granular cells
secrete renin
which help with retention of na and h2o
