U5L2 Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
The process that transforms light energy into chemical energy.
What is the formula for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
Reactants: light, water, and carbon dioxide
Products: oxygen and sugars
What are the two stages in which photosynthesis happens?
There is a light-dependent stage and a light-independent stage
Where does the light-dependent state occur?
In the thylakoid membrane
Where does the light-independent stage occur?
In the stroma
What are light-dependent reactions?
Processes that require light :D
What are thylakoids?
They are the small, flat, sack-like structures inside chloroplasts. Thylakoids are staked into towers called grana.
What is stroma?
The liquid surrounding the thylakoids.
What is chlorophyll?
A green pigment which captures energy from the sun.
What do thylakoids contain?
Chlorophyll
Where do light-dependent reaction take place?
In the thylakoids membrane.
What happens during the light-dependent reactions?
These reactions take light energy that is captured by chlorophyll and covert it into
chemical energy in the form of NADPH and ATP.
What is and the first and second stage of photosynthesis?
- Light-dependent reactions
- Light dependent (Calvin cycle) reactions
What happens during the light-independent reactions?
During the light-independent
reactions the plant takes the ATP and NADPH that it made during the light-dependent reaction and uses them to make stable carbohydrates that store the energy for a long time.
The Calvin cycle has 3 stages. What happens in the 1sr stage?
In the first stage, leaves absorb CO2 though tiny holes called stroma. Before the CO2 can be used, it is attached to a sugar called RuBP. After the attachment, it changes to a new compound labeled 3 PGA.
The Calvin cycle has 3 stages. What happens in the 2nd stage?
ATP and NADPH are used to convert the 3 PGA molecules into glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate, G3P.
The Calvin cycle has 3 stages. What happens in the 3rd stage?
G3P molecules make glucose and
other compounds are recycled to regenerate the RuBP. The regeneration requires ATP and involves a complex network of reactions.
Compare the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis.
Light-dependent reactions take the energy from light and water and convert them into free oxygen that diffuses out of the chloroplast and into the atmosphere, and chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Light-independent reactions take the carbon dioxide ( CO2 ), ATP and NADPH and use them to
create a stable sugar ( C6H12O6 ), which stores all the energy in its chemical bonds.
What colors does white absorbs?
It rejects all wavelengths
What colors does black absorb?
All the wavelengths (greedy bitch)
What does chlorophyll do in plants?
It captures light
What is carotene and what does it do to the human body?
It acts as an antioxidant in the human body, they prevent or slow damage to cells caused by the free radicals, which are waste produced by cells in response to environmental and other stressors, such as inflammation, pollution, UV exposure, and cigarette smoke.
Why do leaves change in the fall?
n the fall, because of less daylight and cooler temperatures, leaves stop the photosynthesis process. Chlorophyll breaks down and the green color disappears. Yellow and red colors appear due to the different pigments in the leaves’ tissues.
