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MT6322 MYCOVIRO > U5 LEC: SYSTEMIC MYCOSES > Flashcards

U5 LEC: SYSTEMIC MYCOSES Flashcards

1
Q

Fungal infections of which can overcome the physiological and cellular defences of normal human host

A

Systemic Mycoses

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2
Q

Infections occurs by?

A

inhalation of air-borne conidia

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3
Q

Initial infection occur in the?

A

lungs / pulmonary infection

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4
Q

This is the fungal infection of?

A

internal organs

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5
Q

Form of Agents of Systemic Mycoses

A

dimorphic

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6
Q

Agents of Systemic Mycoses

A
  • Blastomyces dermatitidis
  • Coccidiodes (immitis, posadasii)
  • Histoplasma capsulatum
  • Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis
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7
Q

Blastomycosis

Anamorph

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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8
Q

Blastomycosis

Teleomorph

A

Ajellomyces dermatitidis

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9
Q

Blastomyces dermatitidis causes?

A

Blastomycosis

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10
Q

Blastomycosis

Lesions

A

granulomatous and suppurative

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11
Q

Blastomycosis

Most prevalent in?

A

middle-aged men

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12
Q

Blastomycosis

Symptoms

A

similar to symptoms of the flu

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13
Q

Clinical Types of Blastomycosis

A
  • Pulmonary
  • Cutaneous
  • Disseminated
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14
Q

Blastomycosis is also known as?

A
  • Gilchrist Disease
  • North American Blastomycosis
  • Chicago Disease
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15
Q

Blastomycosis

Diagnosis through Microscopy

A

KOH / Calcofluor white

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16
Q

Blastomycosis

Serological diagnosis

A

Enzyme Immunoassays (EIA)

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17
Q

Blastomycosis

Grown at 37C (body temp) for?

A

broad-based, budding yeast cells

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18
Q

Blastomycosis

Grown at 20-25C (room temp) for?

A

Mycelial phase

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19
Q

The mycelial phase requires confirmatory identification through?

A

DNA probe and DNA sequencing

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20
Q

Blastomycosis

Treatment

A
  • Amphotericin B
  • Itraconazole
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21
Q

Blastomycosis

Branching hyphae bears?

A

spherical, ovoid, piriform conidia on slender terminal or lateral conidiophores

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22
Q

Blastomycosis

Microscopic exam

A

broadly attached buds on thick-walled yeast cells

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23
Q

Blastomycosis

Specimens

A
  • sputum
  • pus
  • exudates
  • urine
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24
Q

Coccidiodes spp.

A
  • C. immitis
  • C. posadasii
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25
Q

Most virulent of all human mycotic agents

A

Coccidiodes spp.

26
Q

Coccidiodes spp. causes?

A

Coccidioidomycosis

27
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

resides in a narrow ecologic niche called?

A

Lower Sonoran Life Zone

28
Q

T/F: The Lower Sonoran Life Zone has little rainwater but still have humidity.

A

True

29
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Asymptomatic pulmonary and _______ manifestations

A

allergic

30
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Primary disease usually resolves _________ therapy, confers a strong, _________ to reinfection.

A

without, specific immunity

31
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Clinical Features

A
  • develop influenza like fever
  • allergic manfiestations
  • <1% develop chronic progression disseminated disease
32
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Clinical Features in Skin and CNS

A
  • granuloma
  • cold abscess
  • osteomyelitis
  • synovitis
  • meningitis
33
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

MOT

A

Inhalation of arthrospores (barrel shaped spores)

34
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Once arthrospores are inhaled, it developes into?

A

spherules that contain endospores

35
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Diagnosis

A

spherules in tissue

36
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Microscopic examination

A

fertile hyphae arising at the right angles to the vegetative hyphae (alternating hyaline arthroconidia)

37
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Hyphae form chains of arthrospores which often develop in?

A

alternate cells of a hypha fragment into individual arthroconidia

38
Q

T/F: In Coccidioidomycosis, if endospores are liberated, it can turn into spherules.

A

True

39
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

Treatment

A

Amphotericin B, Itraconazole

40
Q

Other name for Coccidioidomycosis

A

Valley Fever

41
Q

This fungi causes Histoplasmosis.

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

42
Q

Histoplasmosis

Anamorph

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

43
Q

Histoplasmosis

Teleomorph

A

Ajellomyces capsulatus

44
Q

Histoplasmosis

Intracellular infection of the?

A

reticuloendothelial system

45
Q

Histoplasmosis

Present in?

A

soil, rotting areas, feces of chickens, bats and other birds (contain high N2 content)

46
Q

Histoplasmosis

Endemic in?

A

parts of USA

47
Q

Histoplasmosis

1st described by?

A

Samuel Darling

48
Q

Other names for Histoplasmosis

A
  • Darling’s Disease
  • Spelunker’s Disease (bat feces)
49
Q

Histoplasmosis

Clinical findings

A
  • limited & asymptomatic
  • Acute Pulmonary Disease
  • Reactivation occurs
  • Chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis (patients with COPD)
  • Cutaneous and Mucocutaneous
50
Q

Histoplasmosis

Histology

A

small oval yeast cells packed within macrophages

51
Q

Histoplasmosis

Microscopic

A

hyaline, septate hyphae bearing microconidia and large spherical macroconidia

52
Q

Histoplasmosis

Treatment

A

Itraconazole

53
Q

This fungi causes Paracoccidioidomycosis.

A

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

54
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Endemic to?

A

Central and South America

55
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Geographic areas that have highest incidence

A

humid, high-rainfall areas, acidic soil conditions

56
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

usually unapparent or?

A

asymptomatic

57
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Clinical Findings

A
  • Acute or chronic granulomatous infection
  • disseminates to skin, mucosa, lymph nodes & other internal organs
  • chronic paracoccidiodomycosis
58
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Microscopic

A

large, multiple budding yeast cells

59
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Treatment

A
  • Itraconazole
  • Amphotericin B
  • SXT
  • Ketoconazole
60
Q

Systemic mycoses are affiliated with?

A

Division Ascomycota (Ajellomycetaceae)

61
Q

T/F: Paracoccidiodes lutzii also causes Paracoccidioidomycosis.

A

True

MT6322 MYCOVIRO (10 decks)

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