U5 Ch.23 Industry

Question 1

Primary Sector

Answer 1

Refers extracting raw materials from natural resources e.g. Farming, fishing, mining, forestry

Question 2

Trends in Primary Sector

Answer 2

1. Climate Change (sustainable methods of forestry/fishing needed)
2. Environment (reduce pollution, using less chemicals)
3. Consumer Tastes (vegans, organic foods demand)
4. Operating Costs (machinery more expensive)
5. Cost of living (consumers buying cheap products abroad)
6. Staff shortage (need to source from other countries)
7. Move to renewable energy (solar panels, wind turbines)

Question 3

Secondary Sector

Answer 3

involves using raw materials from primary sector and turning them into a finished product e.g. construction, manufacturing

Question 4

Trends in Secondary Sector

Answer 4

1. Increased Costs (increase price of raw mat. and oil because of pandemic and ukraine war)
2. Skills shortage (particularly for construction)
3. Increased Competition (globalisation has lead to major competition for irish businesses. Impossible to compete on price so they must compete on quality)
4. Capital Investment (use of CAM, CAD, robotics and other expensive machinery has made manufacturing businesses more capital intensive)
5. Over-reliance on MNC’s (many produce specifically for MNC’s in Ireland, opening them to risks if they move to lower-cost countries, because of tariffs)

Question 5

Tertiary Sectory

Answer 5

refers to the services industry, largest in Ireland. Provides a range of services to businesses and consumers. E.g. financial services, medical services, transport services

Question 6

Tertiary Sectory Trends

Answer 6

1. Increased competition (traditional services face online competition)
2. E-commerce (businesses moving online to access a larger market)
3. Access to technology (poor broadband in rural areas makes it harder for customers to access services)
4. Increased employment (number employed in this sector continues to grow. Tourism employment has increased annually)
5. AI (growth could lead to jobs being lost)

Question 7

Indigenous firm

Answer 7

native based business that has been established and is managed by native residents. They produce goods and services in their native country and have their principal place of business there too. e.g. supervalu, Eason’s

Question 8

Challenges facing indigenous firms

Answer 8

1. MNCs (unable to compete because of economies of scale)
2. loss of skilled workers (moving abroad)
3. Brexit (more trade barriers to UK leads to decreased profits)