U3A1: 3B dna + rna structure

Question 1

nucleic acids

Answer 1

large polymers (polynucleotide chain) made up from nucleotide monomers.

Question 2

two main nucleic acids

Answer 2

deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)
ribonucleic acid (rna)

Question 3

structure of nucleotides

Answer 3

• phosphate
• five-carbon sugar
• nitrogen-containing base

Question 4

four nitrogenous bases

Answer 4

adenine (purine) + thymine/uracil (pyramidine)
guanine (purine) + cytosine (pyramidine)

Question 5

three key types of rna

Answer 5

• messenger rna (mRNA): carries genetic info from nucleus to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
• tranfer rna (tRNA): delivers specific amino acids to ribosomes.
• ribosomal rna (rRNA): main structural component of ribosomes.

Question 6

compare dna + rna

Answer 6

dna is double stranded, rna is single-stranded.
dna has deoxyribose sugar, rna has ribose sugar.
dna has thymine, rna has uracil.
dna lasts long-term, rna lasts short-term.