U.3 K.A-3 Memory Flashcards
Name the three levels of memory.
- Level 1: Sensory memory
- Level 2: Short term memory
- Level 3: Long term memory
What term is given to the conversion of a memory into a form that the brain can process and store?
Encoding
What name is given to the recovery of a memory from the short and long term memory that has been stored?
Retrieval
What name is given to the retention of information over a period of time in the brain?
Storage
How long do things remain in the sensory memory for?
0.5 seconds for visual images and 2 seconds for auditory information
How many items can the short term memory hold and for how long?
7 items for 30 seconds
After items enter the short term memory, if they are not transferred to long term memory what happens to them?
They are either displaced by new information coming in or lost by decay where they are just broken down
What name is given to the process by which a longer bit of information is split up into smaller meaningful units in order to increase the capacity of the short term memory?
Chunking
What name is given to the memory pattern whereby individuals can remember things at the start of the list and the end of the list of items?
Serial position effect
What name is given to the ability to recall items at the start of the list during a test for the serial position effect?
Primacy effect
What name is given to the ability to recall items at the end of a list during a test for the serial position effect?
Recency effect
Why is it that things at the start of the list can be remembered when investigating the serial position effect?
The items have been rehearsed and have had time to be transferred to long term memory
Why is it that things at the end of the list can be remembered when investigating the serial position effect?
The items are still in short term memory when you are asked to recall them because they are at the end of the list
What name is given to the ability of the short term memory to perform cognitive tasks such as imagining each of the rooms in your house and counting the number of windows in them to get an overall number of windows in the house?
Working memory
What are the three ways in which items from short term memory can be committed to long term memory?
- Rehearsal
- Organisation
- Elaboration of meaning