U.3 K.A-1 Divisions of the Nervous System and Neural Pathways Flashcards
Name the two divisions of the nervous system.
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
Which two components make up the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
Name the nerves that carry nerve impulses from the receptors in the body to the CNS.
Sensory neurons
Name the set of nerves that carry nerve impulses away from the CNS towards the effectors. (e.g. muscles and glands)
Motor neurons
Name the two branches of the peripheral nervous system.
- Somatic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
Out of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system, which one controls voluntary movements?
Somatic nervous system
Out of the somatic and autonomic nervous system, which one controls involuntary movements without the person’s control being involved?
Autonomic nervous system
What are the names of the two sets of nerves that make up the autonomic nervous system that prepare the body for action and returns it to normal after the action is over
- Sympathetic nerves
- Parasympathetic nerves
What word is used to describe the fact that the sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves exert opposite effects?
Antagonistic
Describe what the sympathetic nerves do to the heart rate, breathing rate, rate of digestion and secretion of adrenaline to prepare the body for action.
They increase apart from the rate of digestion which decreases under sympathetic nerves action.
Describe what the parasympathetic nerves do to the heart rate, breathing rate and rate of digestion.
They decrease apart from the rate of digestion which increases under the action of the parasympathetic nerves.
Which organ does not have a parasympathetic nerve going to it, despite have a sympathetic nerve going to it?
Adrenal gland
How does the secretion of adrenaline get stopped?
The sympathetic nerves stop stimulating the adrenal glands and levels of adrenaline gradually decrease.
What term is used to describe the action that the body performs after stimulation by the sympathetic nerves?
Fight or flight response
What term is used to describe the action that the body performs after stimulation by the parasympathetic nerves?
Rest and digest response
