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Question 1

efficiency

Answer 1

the best use of resources in the production of goods and/or services

Question 2

effectiveness

Answer 2

the degree to which a process or system is successful in achievement of business objectives

Question 3

operations management

Answer 3

involves coordinating and organising the activities involved in producing the goods or services that a business sells to customers

Question 4

inputs

Answer 4

the resources used by a business to produce goods and services

Question 5

processes

Answer 5

the actions performed by a business to transform inputs into outputs

Question 6

outputs

Answer 6

the final goods or services produced as a result of a business’s operations system, that are delivered or provided to customers

Question 7

manufacturing business

Answer 7

use resources and raw materials to produce a finished physical good

Question 8

service business

Answer 8

provide intangible products, usually with the use of specialised expertise

Question 9

automated production lines

Answer 9

involve machinery and equipment that are arranged in a sequence, and the product is developed as it proceeds through each step

Question 10

robotics

Answer 10

programmable machines that are capable of performing specified task

Question 11

computer-aided design (cad)

Answer 11

digital design software that aids the creation, modification, and optimisation of a design and a design process

Question 12

computer-aided manufacturing (cam)

Answer 12

the use of software that controls and directs production processes by coordinating machinery and equipment through a computer

Question 13

artificial intelligence (ai)

Answer 13

using computerised systems to simulate human intelligence and mimic human behaviour

Question 14

online services

Answer 14

services that are provided via the internet

Question 15

website

Answer 15

a collection of web pages that promote products and services over the internet

Question 16

e-commerce

Answer 16

websites that enable the buying and selling of goods and services directly with a business

Question 17

forecasting

Answer 17

a materials planning tool that predicts customer demand for an upcoming period using past and market trends

Question 18

master production schedule (mps)

Answer 18

a plan that outlines what a business intends to produce, in specific quantities, within a set period of time

Question 19

materials requirement planning (mrp)

Answer 19

a process that itemises the types and quantities of materials required to meet production targets set out in the master production schedule

Question 20

just in time (jit)

Answer 20

an inventory control approach that delivers the correct type and quantity of materials as soon as they are needed for production

Question 21

quality

Answer 21

a good or service’s ability to satisfy a customer’s need

Question 22

quality control

Answer 22

inspecting a product at various stages of the production process, to ensure it meets designated standards, and discarding those that are unsatisfactory

Question 23

quality assurance

Answer 23

a business achieving a certified standard of quality in its production after an independent body assesses its operations system

Question 24

total quality management

Answer 24

a holistic approach whereby all employees are committed to continuously improving the business’s operations system to enhance quality for customers

Question 25

waste minimisation

Answer 25

is the process of reducing the amount of unused material, time, or labour within a business

Question 26

reduce

Answer 26

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to decrease the amount of resources, labour, or time discarded during production

Question 27

reuse

Answer 27

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to make use of items which would have otherwise been discarded

Question 28

recycle

Answer 28

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to transform items which would have otherwise been discarded

Question 29

lean management

Answer 29

the process of systematically reducing waste in all areas of a business’s operations system whilst simultaneously improving customer value

Question 30

pull

Answer 30

a lean management strategy that involves customers determining the number of products a business should produce for sale

Question 31

one-piece-flow

Answer 31

a lean management strategy that involves processing a product individually through a stage of production and passing it onto the next stage of production before processing the next product, continuing this process throughout all stages of production

Question 32

takt

Answer 32

a lean management strategy that involves synchronising the step of a business’s operations system to meet customer demand

Question 33

zero defects

Answer 33

a lean management strategy that involves a business preventing errors from occurring in the operations system by ensuring there is an ongoing attitude of maintaining a high standard of quality for the final output

Question 34

corporate social responsibility

Answer 34

the ethical conduct of a business beyond legal obligations, and the consideration of social, economic, and environmental impacts when making business decisions

Question 35

global sourcing of inputs

Answer 35

involves a business acquiring raw materials and resources from overseas suppliers

Question 36

overseas manufacture

Answer 36

involves a business producing goods outside of the country where its headquarters are located

Question 37

global outsourcing

Answer 37

involves transferring specific business activities to an external business in an overseas country