U2 - PP4 - causes of stress

Question 1

Causes of stress

Answer 1

1. External factors:
   - major life events such as a loss
   - trauma
   - change in personal circumstance
   - violence, war, terrorism
2. Internal factors:
   - personality
   - thoughts
   - memories

Question 2

Factors contributing to stress

Answer 2

• personality type
• social factors
• intelligence (although no determining factor between them being more intelligent, more likely to overthink

Question 3

Stress- vulnerability model (1977)

Answer 3

• Zubin and Spring
• individuals have unique biological, psychological and social elements
• people become ill when the stress is more than they could cope with

Question 4

Coping skills to stress

Answer 4

• positive attitude
• conflict resolution skills
• good mental, spiritual and emotional health
• success at school
• positive self esteem

Question 5

Factors that contribute to stress

Answer 5

• harrassment
• discrimintation
• bullying
• physical
• psychological
• cyber

Question 6

General Adoption Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 6

3 stages:
1. Alarm reaction- initial symptoms, increased heart rate, adrenaline released
2. Resistance stage- heart rate and BP goes down, begins to normalise unless continues for an extended time
3. Exhaustion stage- result of prolonged or chronic stress, weakend immune system

Question 7

Stress process

Answer 7

4 stages:
1. demand
2. appraisal of demand, available resources and capability
3. negative response such as somatic anxiety
4. stress response

Question 8

mental health risks due to prolonged stress

Answer 8

• psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, psychosis, PTSD
• social isolation
• suicide risk

Question 9

Positive measures to deal with stress

Answer 9

• removal of cause of stress
• psychological therapy

Question 10

Negative measures for coping with stress

Answer 10

• withdrawal and isolation
• self medication drugs or alcohol
• destructive behaviour
• aggressive behaviour