U2 P5 - amino acids + proteins

Question 1

amino acids

Answer 1

building blocks of protein

contain the amino group NH2 and the carboxyl group COOH

Question 2

essential amino acids

Answer 2

produced by proteins in the diet as the body can’t produce all the amino acids required to produce body proteins

Question 3

formation of proteins

Answer 3

linking many amino acids together to form long-chain molecules
amino acids—condensation—-> proteins

Question 4

formation of peptide link

Answer 4

condensation of an amine and carboxyl group

Question 5

hydrolysis of proteins

Answer 5

large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules (amino acids) by water

protein —-hydrolysis—-> amino acids

Question 6

fibrous proteins

Answer 6

insoluble
long and thin
can form chains and easily spiral

Question 7

globular proteins

Answer 7

water-soluble
contain protein chains folded into compact units
involved in maintenance and regulation of life
include hormones and enzymes

Question 8

fibrous proteins purpose

Answer 8

the major structural materials of tissues eg skin and hair

Question 9

globular proteins purpose

Answer 9

hormones and enzymes

Question 10

hydrogen bonding in fibrous proteins

Answer 10

chains can form sheets, and coils easily giving 3d shape to the protein
however the polar groups are inside the structure and because the protein does not easily hydrogen bond with water it is insoluble

Question 11

hydrogen bonding in globular proteins

Answer 11

enough of the polar amide links are found on the outside of the structure and this allows hydrogen bonding with water

Question 12

denaturing proteins

Answer 12

when proteins are heated, intermolecular forces are broken, causing the proteins to change shape