U2 P3 - esters, fats + oils

Question 1

esters

Answer 1

product of a condensation reaction between an alcohol and carboxylic acid
functional group COO

Question 2

condensation reaction

Answer 2

2 molecules are joined together with the elimination of a small molecule

Question 3

which molecule is eliminated during esterification?

Answer 3

water

Question 4

hydrolysis of esters

Answer 4

broken down by heating with an alkali

reverse of condensation

Question 5

role of fats + oils

Answer 5

are a more concentrated source of energy than carbs
provide essential fatty acids
transport + store fat-soluble vitamins

Question 6

sources of fats + oils

Answer 6

plant
animal
marine

Question 7

fats

Answer 7

contain mostly saturates molecules of regular shapes which allows close packing between the molecules
therefore they have strong VDF between the molecules so they have higher MPs compared to oils
this is why fats are solid

Question 8

oils

Answer 8

contain mostly unsaturated molecules of irregular shapes due to the double bonds present, which prevents close packing between the molecules
therefore they have weaker VDF between the molecules so have lower MPs compared to fats
this is why oils are liquid

Question 9

formation of fats and oils

Answer 9

condensation of one mole of glycerol and three moles of fatty acids

Question 10

glycerol structural name

Answer 10

propane-1,2,3-triol

Question 11

glycerol

Answer 11

alcohol used to make fats and oils