Functional Groups

Question 1

Aldehydes

Answer 1

alkanals
eg methanal
carbonyl group at end of carbon chain

Question 2

Carbonyl group

Answer 2

C=O

Question 3

Ketones

Answer 3

Alkanones
eg propanone
carbonyl group in middle of chain

Question 4

how are esters made

Answer 4

condensation reaction between an alcohol and carboxylic acid

Question 5

esters

Answer 5

functional group COO

eg ethyl ethanoate

Question 6

what are esters used for

Answer 6

solvents for non polar compounds, flavourings, perfumes + essences

Question 7

alcohols

Answer 7

hydroxyl functional group OH

alkanols

Question 8

alcohols general formula

Answer 8

CnH2n+2OH

Question 9

carboxylic acids

Answer 9

COOH

alkanoic acids

Question 10

alkanes

Answer 10

saturated (single carbon to carbon bonds)

Question 11

alkenes

Answer 11

unsaturated (contain at least one carbon to carbon double bond)

Question 12

alkene reactions

Answer 12

addition of halogens
hyrogenation
hydration

Question 13

terpenes

Answer 13

key components of all essential oils

unsaturated compounds formed by joining isoprene units (5 carbon)