U2 Cells: Ls 04: Eukaryotic cell structures Flashcards
What are the membrane-bound organelles in the eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles inside them. The membrane-bound organelles are the nuclear membrane/the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi body, the mitochondria, the vacuole, and the lysosomes.
What are the functions of the ribosomes in the cell?
Ribosomes take the genetic information from the mRNA and then translate it into a protein. The parts where the ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum are known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The parts where the ribosomes are not attached to the endoplasmic reticulum then it is called the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the function of the Golgi body/Golgi apparatus?
The Golgi body/ Golgi apparatus looks like the endoplasmic reticulum but it is detached from the nuclear membrane. They are good at packaging molecules and even proteins that might have just been produced so that they can be used outside of the cell.
How does the mitochondria play a role in the cell?
Mitochondria has its DNA, and this is where the ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is produced.
What are the functions of the vacuole in the cell?
The vacuole contains water and enzymes. It is viewed as a storage compartment but it can also contain enzymes that help digest things so that they can be used in some way. They exist in both plant and animal cells.
What are the lysosomes?
Lysosomes are the compartment that contains a whole series of enzymes in it, which can be used to break down wasteful things.
What is an organelle?
It is a specialized cell structure that performs a specific function.
What is a nucleus?
It stores genetic information, and controls all cell activities.
What is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Networks of tubes and membranes that carry material through the cell and play a role in protein modification and lipid synthesis have two parts; rough ER ( contains ribosomes) and smooth ER ( does not contain ribosomes)
What is a Golgi body/ Golgi apparatus?
It is a flattened membrane disc that packages and sorts proteins.
What is Mitochondria?
Breaks down sugar into energy for the cell and the power house of the cell.
What is chloroplast?
Uses light energy to make food for plant cells.
What is vacuole?
Storage sits for food, water, and waste; a large central vacuole helps maintain the shape of plant cells.
What is lysosome?
Breaks down large molecules an digests old cell parts.
What is mRNA?
It is a molecule that contains the instructions or recipe that directs the cells to make a protein using its natural machinery.
