U1 KA1 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the building block of a DNA strand?
A
- Sugar Phosphate Backbone
2
Q
Formation of a DNA Nucleotide
A
- Phosphate, Deoxyribose Sugar, Base
3
Q
Key DNA Features (6)
A
- Double Stranded Helix
- Two Sugar Phosphate Backbones
- Held Together by complimentary base pairs
- Composed of Nucleotides
- Each strand has an anti-parallel structure and goes from 3’ to 5’ on each individual strand
- Contains Histones
4
Q
DNA Base Pairings
A
- Adenine <-> Thymine
- Guanine <-> Cytosine
5
Q
What are Histones?
A
- a molecule that DNA often coils around.
6
Q
What does the DNA base sequence do? (2)
A
- the sequence of the DNA bases determines the order of amino acids which code for a specific protein.
- forms the genetic code.
7
Q
What do Chromosomes do, and what are they made of?
A
- contain genetic info
- composed of genes
8
Q
What bond holds together the DNA bases in a nucleotide?
A
- ‘weak’ hydrogen bonds.
9
Q
What are the features of a Prokaryotic Cell? (3)
A
- No true nucleus or nuclear membrane.
- Contain Circular Plasmids
- Have Circular chromosomes
10
Q
What are the features of a Eukaryotic Cell? (2)
A
- have a true nucleus and nuclear membrane.
- contain linear chromosomes.
11
Q
What type of chromosomes do Chloroplasts have?
A
- circular.
12
Q
What type of chromosomes does a Nucleus have?
A
- linear.
13
Q
What type of chromosomes do mitochondria have?
A
- Circular
14
Q
What is yeast?
A
- a special eukaryotic cell as it contains plasmids.
