Types Of Substance

Question 1

What is diamond an allotrope form of?

Answer 1

Carbon

Question 2

Describe the structure of diamond

Answer 2

Carbon atoms joined together in 4 directions in a giant covalent structure of covalent bonds

Question 3

What is Graphite an allotrope form of?

Answer 3

Carbon

Question 4

What is the formula for buckminster fullerene

Answer 4

C60

Question 5

What are the properties of graphene?

Answer 5

Conducts electricity
One atom thick
Strong and light
Made up of covalent bonds

Question 6

What are polymers held together by?

Answer 6

Strong covalent bonds between atoms in molecules.
Weak intermolecular forces between molecules.

Question 7

Why are intermolecular forces stronger in polymers than in small molecules?

Answer 7

Because polymers are larger

Question 8

What is graphene in relation to graphite?

Answer 8

Graphene is a single layer of graphite

Question 9

What are the properties of diamond?

Answer 9

Hard
Does not conduct electricity
High melting point
Covalent bonds
Giant covalent structure

Question 10

What are the properties of graphite?

Answer 10

Soft
Conducts electricity
Covalent bonds

Question 11

What is graphene an allotrope for?

Answer 11

Carbon

Question 12

Describe the structure of graphite

Answer 12

The weak intermolecular forces allow the layers to slide over eachother
there is 1 delocalised electron for every carbon atom which allows a charge to flow

Question 13

Properties of cylindrical fullerenes

Answer 13

Strong
Small diameter
Conduct electricity

Question 14

What is a fullerene

Answer 14

Fullerenes are molecules of carbon atoms that take up hollow structures

Question 15

Give an example of a spherical fullerene and its uses

Answer 15

Buckminsterfullerene: catalysts, lubricants, transports drugs into the body

Question 16

Give an example of a cylindrical fullerene and its uses

Answer 16

Carbon nanotubes: electronics, nanotechnology and for strengthening materials.

Question 17

Why are carbon nanotubes strong?

Answer 17

Because of the strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms, nanotubes are exceptionally strong for their size.

Question 18

Name the the three allotropes of carbon

Answer 18

Graphite diamond and the fullerenes

Question 19

Explain the law of conservation of mass applied to a closed system

Answer 19

No substances can enter or leave during a reaction
In a precipitation reaction 2 soluble reactants from an insoluble product- the precipitate
The total mass of the beaker and its contents stays the same during the formation of this precipitate

Question 20

Explain the law of conservation of mass & what you would see in an a open system

Answer 20

Mass is conserved but you will observe the following if heated by air :
1. mass of the reactive metal increases
2. mass of a reactive nonmetal or fuel decreases
3. mass of a metal carbonate decreases