Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry GCSE > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What happens in a displacement reaction

A

The more reactive metal displaces the other and ends up in solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a spectator ion

A

An ion that is in the reaction but doesn’t take part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you write the ionic equation

A

Split all compounds into its ions
& Cross out the spectator ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can you measure reactivity with different solutions in a reaction

A

See which has the most vigorous reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the life cycle assessment

A

Assesses wether something is ‘worth’ recycling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 3 advantages of recycling

A

Conserves natural reserves of metal ores so need to mine is reduced
Less waste metal ends up in landfill sites
Less pollution produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of recycling

A

Difficult to sort materials
Cost and energy used in collection is high
Sometimes it can be more expensive to recycle than to extract new metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List the steps in the life cycle of a metal

A

Metal ore is extracted
Pure metal is extracted from its ore by electrolysis
Metal is shaped and processed into product
Product is sold and used by consumer
Product is thrown into landfill or recycled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you tell if it is better to recycle or to extract new metal

A

If more energy is required to extract the new metal then it is better to recycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an ore

A

A rock containing a metal compound
There needs to be enough of it for extraction to be economically viable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What can reduction also mean other than gain of electrons

A

Loss of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can oxidation also mean other than loss of electrons

A

Gain of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are redox reactions

A

A reaction in which oxidation AND reduction take place
Eg. Electrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is a metal being isolated from their ore reduction or oxidation

A

ALWAYS reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Metals more reactive than WHICH ELEMENT can be extracted using ELECTROLYSIS

A

Carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 2 ways small amounts of copper can be extracted from their ores

A

Bioleaching and phytoextraction

17
Q

What is bioleaching

A

Bioleaching uses bacteria grown on a low grade ore
The bacteria produce a solution containing copper ions called a leachate
Copper is extracted from the leachate by displacement and purified by electrolysis

18
Q

Are the melting points of transition metals typically high or low

A

High

19
Q

Do transition metals typically have high or low densities

A

High

20
Q

Name 4 properties of transition metals

A

Ductile
Shiny
Malleable
Conducts electricity

21
Q

Do transition metals typically form coloured compounds

A

Yes

22
Q

What is an alloy

A

A mixture of a metal with at least one other element

23
Q

What does adding other elements to a metal do

A

It changes the overall structure and so changes its properties

24
Q

What can scientists do by changing the amount of each element in an alloy

A

Material scientists can custom make alloys to fit a given job

25
Q

What is the alloy brass used for and why

A

Door knobs, buttons and musical instruments BECAUSE it does not tarnish

26
Q

What is the alloy amalgam used for and why

A

Dental fillings BECAUSE it can be shaped when warm and resists corrosion

27
Q

Why is yellow gold a different colour from pure gold

A

Because it is an alloy of copper and silver
Adding more copper gives redder shades

28
Q

Why is steel stronger than iron

A

In pure iron the atoms are arranged in dense layers (these layers can slide over each other which means iron is quite soft)
The atoms of other elements are different sizes so when they are added to iron they distort the regular structure
This makes it harder for the layers to slide past each other and so increases strength

29
Q

What happens when metals react with oxygen in air

A

They oxidise to form metal oxides

30
Q

What is tarnishing

A

Metals may form a thin layer of tarnish when they oxidise
This layer stops oxygen reaching the metal preventing any further oxidation
Eg. Statue of Liberty

31
Q

What is corrosion

A

Corrosion happens when the metal continues to oxidise and so overtime becomes weaker

32
Q

What is rusting

A

Corrosion of iron or steel when reacting with oxygen and water

33
Q

How can rusting be prevented by keeping air away

A

metal kept in unreactive atmosphere of nitrogen or argon

34
Q

How can rusting be prevented by keeping water away

A

Use a desiccant powder that absorbs water vapour

35
Q

What are the physical barriers used to prevent rusting

A

Painting, coating with plastic, greasing and oiling

36
Q

What is sacrificial protection

A

A method of rust prevention that does not rely on keeping water and oxygen away

37
Q

How is a sacrificial metal chosen

A

Any metal that oxidises more easily than the metal that is at risk from rusting

38
Q

Explain how magnesium prevents steel from rusting

A

Magnesium is more reactive than steel
Magnesium acts as the sacrificial protection as it oxidises faster than steel
Mg —-> Mg2+ + 2e-
Magnesium has been oxidised because it has lost electrons

Chemistry GCSE (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions