types of production Flashcards
Q: What is production?
A: Production is the process of creating goods and services by transforming inputs into outputs.
Q: What are the key factors of production?
A:
Land – Natural resources used in production.
Labour – Workers involved in manufacturing.
Capital – Machinery, tools, and infrastructure.
Enterprise – Entrepreneurs who organise resources to generate profit.
Q: What are the three main production methods?
A:
Job Production – Producing one-off, unique items.
Batch Production – Producing goods in set quantities.
Flow Production (Mass Production) – Producing goods continuously on an assembly line.
Q: What are the advantages of job production?
A:
Advantages:
High-quality, customised products.
Increased customer satisfaction.
Motivated workforce due to skill variety.
Q: What are the disadvantages of job production?
A:
Disadvantages:
Time-consuming and expensive.
Skilled labour required.
Low production speed.
Q: What are the advantages batch production?
A:
Advantages:
More efficient than job production.
Economies of scale (bulk buying reduces costs).
Flexibility in product variety.
Q: What are the disadvantages of batch production?
A:
Disadvantages:
Downtime between batches.
Storage costs for unsold inventory.
Q: What are the advantages of flow production?
A:
Advantages:
High output, low unit cost.
Consistent quality and efficiency.
Automation reduces labour costs.
Q: What are the disadvantages of flow production?
A:
Disadvantages:
High setup and machinery costs.
Less flexibility in changing products.
Boredom for workers due to repetitive tasks.
Q: What is productivity?
A: Productivity is the output per worker or machine per unit of time.
Q: How can businesses improve productivity?
A:
Invest in better technology and automation.
Provide employee training.
Use lean production techniques.
Improve workplace organisation.
What is efficiency?
A: Efficiency is the minimisation of waste and maximisation of output using the least resources.
Q: What is lean production?
A: A production strategy focused on reducing waste and increasing efficiency.
What are key lean production techniques?
A:
Just-in-Time (JIT): Materials arrive only when needed, reducing storage costs.
Kaizen: Continuous improvement through employee feedback.
Cell Production: Splitting production into teams, improving teamwork.
Time-based Management: Minimising time wasted in production processes.
What are the benefits of lean production?
A:
Reduces waste and costs.
Improves quality and efficiency.
Increases employee involvement.
