Types of Prevention Flashcards
What are primary preventions and what are some examples?
aimed at reducing the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by decreasing the incidence of new cases. Primaryprevention is accomplished by making a program or other strategy that promotes mental or physical health available to all members of an identified group or population.
Ex: immunization programs, prenatal nutrition programs for low SES mothers, “meals on Wheels” and public education programs on drug and alcohol abuse.
What are secondary preventions and what are examplesof these?
they attempt to decrease the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by reducing their duration through early detection and intervention. Secondary preventions involve identifying specific individuals and providing those individuals with appropriate treatments. EX:Using screening tests to identify entering first graders with reading disabilities so that they can be provided with an educational intervention.
What is a Tertiary prevention and what is an example?
To reduce the duration and consequence of mental and physical disorders. Rehabilitation programs, programs that provide alternativesto hospitalization (e.g., halfway houses) and education programs designed to improve community attitudes toward former mental patients.
Whatis the Health Belief Model?
The Health Belief Model proposes that health behaviors are influenced by (1) the person’s readiness to take a particualr action, which depends on his/her perceived susceptibility to the illness and perceived severity of its consequences; (2) the person’s evaluation of the benefits and costs of making aparticualr response; and (3) the internal and external “cues to action” that trigger the response such as the health of friends and damily members, advice from others, and mass media campaigns. An implication of the Health Model is that health behaviors can be modified by targeting people’s knowledge and/or motivation to act.
What are the four types of Mental Health Consultation proposed by Gerald Caplan?
Medical health consultation is derived from the medical/psychiatric model and is attributable largely to the work of Gerald Caplan, who distinguished between 4 types. Note each involves at least 3 individuals or entities–(1) the consultant, (2) the consultee(s), and (3) a client or program.
- Client-Centered Case Consultation: Client-centered case consultation involvesworking with the consultee (e.g., teacher or therapist) to develop a plan that will enable the consultee to work more effectively with a particular client (e.g., student or patient). The consultant acts as an expert and provides the consultee with relevant information.
- Consultee-Centered Case Consultation: The goal of this form of consultation is to enhance the consultee’s performance in delivering services to a particular population or group of clients. The focus is on the consultee’s skills, knowledge, abilities, and/or objectivity. A lack of objectivity can stem from several factors including theme interference, a type of transference that occurs when a past unresolved conflict related to a particular type of client or circumstance is evoked by and interferes with the consultee’s current situation.
- Program-Centered Administrative Consultation: This form of mental consultation involves working with one or more administrators (the consultees) to resolve problems related to an existing program.
- Consultee-Centered Administrative Consultation: The goal of consultee-centered administrative consultation is to help administrative-level personnel improve their professional functioning so they can be more effective in the future with regard to program development,implementation, and evaluation.
What is parallel process in supervision?
Parallel process in supervision was first described within a psychodynamic framework as an extension oftransference, countertraansference, and projection. It occurs when a therapist(supervisee) replicates problems and sxs with the supervisor that are being manifested by the therapist’s client.EX: if a client is anxious and frustrated and the psychological intern is not able to alleviate those sxs, the intern may enter supervision anxious and frustrated.
